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Germination traits explain soil seed persistence across species: the case of Mediterranean annual plants in cereal fields / Arne Saatkamp in Annals of Botany, 107 (3) (March 2011) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 107 (3) (March 2011) . - 415-426 Titre : Germination traits explain soil seed persistence across species: the case of Mediterranean annual plants in cereal fields Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Arne Saatkamp ; Laurence Affre (1969-) ; Thierry Dutoit (1967-) ; Peter Poschlod Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : 415-426 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole [CBNPMP-Thématique] Longévité des semences [CBNPMP-Thématique] Semences [CBNPMP-Thématique] Techniques de germination Résumé : Background and Aims. Seed persistence in the soil under field conditions is an important issue for the maintenance of local plant populations and the restoration of plant communities, increasingly so in the light of rapidly changing land use and climate change. Whereas processes important for dispersal in space are well known, knowledge of processes governing dispersal in time is still limited. Data for morphological seed traits such as size have given contradictory results for prediction of soil seed persistence or cover only a few species. There have been few experimental studies on the role of germination traits in determining soil seed persistence, while none has studied their predictive value consistently across species. Delayed germination, as well as light requirements for germination, have been suggested to contribute to the formation of persistent seed banks. Moreover, diurnally fluctuating temperatures can influence the timing of germination and are therefore linked to seed bank persistence. Methods. The role of germination speed measured by T50 (days to germination of 50 % of all germinated seeds), light requirement and reaction to diurnally fluctuating temperatures in determining seed persistence in the soil was evaluated using an experimental comparative data set of 25 annual cereal weed species. Key Results. It is shown that light requirements and slow germination are important features to maintain seeds ungerminated just after entering the soil, and hence influence survival of seeds in the soil. However, the detection of low diurnally fluctuating temperatures enhances soil seed bank persistence by limiting germination. Our data further suggest that the effect of diurnally fluctuating temperatures, as measured on seeds after dispersal and dry storage, is increasingly important to prevent fatal germination after longer burial periods. Conclusions. These results underline the functional role of delayed germination and light for survival of seeds in the soil and hence their importance for shaping the first part of the seed decay curve. Our analyses highlight the detection of diurnally fluctuating temperatures as a third mechanism to achieve higher soil seed persistence after burial which interacts strongly with season. We therefore advocate focusing future research on mechanisms that favour soil seed persistence after longer burial times and moving from studies of morphological features to exploration of germination traits such as reaction to diurnally fluctuating temperatures. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1093/aob/mcq255 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148474 Saatkamp, Arne, Affre, Laurence (1969-), Dutoit, Thierry (1967-), Poschlod, Peter 2011 Germination traits explain soil seed persistence across species: the case of Mediterranean annual plants in cereal fields. Annals of Botany, 107(3): 415-426.

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Longévité des semences de mauvaises herbes annuelles dans un sol cultivé / Gilbert Barralis (1988)

Public Citation est un tiré à part de 28 - 1988 (Weed Research) Titre : Longévité des semences de mauvaises herbes annuelles dans un sol cultivé Type de document : Tiré à part de revue Auteurs : Gilbert Barralis ; René Chadoeuf ; Jean-Pierre Lonchamp Année de publication : 1988 Importance : 407-418 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Mauvaises herbes [CBNPMP-Thématique] Longévité des semences Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132043 Barralis, Gilbert, Chadoeuf, René, Lonchamp, Jean-Pierre 1988 Longévité des semences de mauvaises herbes annuelles dans un sol cultivé. Weed Research, 28 : 407-418.

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Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
16324	Barralis	Tiré à part	Bureaux	Conservation	Consultable

Modelling the emergence response of weed seeds to burial depth : interactions with seed density, weight and shape / A.C. Grundy (2003) 

Public Citation est un tiré à part de 40 (Journal of applied ecology, 40 [01/01/2003]) Titre : Modelling the emergence response of weed seeds to burial depth : interactions with seed density, weight and shape Type de document : Tiré à part de revue Auteurs : A.C. Grundy ; Andrew Mead ; S. Burston Année de publication : 2003 Importance : 757-770 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Banque de semences dans le sol [CBNPMP-Thématique] Germination : généralités [CBNPMP-Thématique] Longévité des semences [CBNPMP-Thématique] Mauvaises herbes Résumé : 1 Weeds play an important role in arable and horticultural habitats, and models are being developed to improve our understanding of their population dynamics. The position of a weed seed in the soil profile influences the probability of a seed germinating, emerging successfully and its relative time of emergence. Identifying a relationship between the shape or weight of a seed and its ability to emerge from depth may allow the development of generic models. The aim of this study was to quantify seed response to burial depth, to improve the wider application of existing seedling emergence models. 2 A field experiment used weed seeds sown at different depths and densities in a standard substrate. In addition, two laboratory studies used pre-germinated seeds of the same range of species, buried at a range of depths in optimum conditions using the same substrate. These studies explored the effects of seed size, shape and sowing density on seedling emergence and also enabled reserve-dependent pre-emergence mortality to be quantified. 3 The largest and heaviest of the seeds tested overall, Veronica hederifolia, emerged from the greatest depth (8 cm). In contrast, Tripleurospermum inodorum and Veronica arvensis, the two smallest species, showed a sharp decline when burial exceeded 1 cm. However, the link between seed shape or weight and the ability to emerge from depth suggests a complex relationship. Given optimum conditions, some species (Stellaria media and Chenopodium album) have the physical reserves to emerge from a wider range of burial depths than normally observed in the field, suggesting an ability to exploit opportunities when they occur. 4 For some species, emergence was reduced at high seed densities (e.g. Veronica arvensis). These responses may be associated with traits that have evolved to counteract sibling competition. 5 Synthesis and applications. Generic models identifying the maximum depths for seed germination and emergence have a number of practical applications. For example, they can be used to target cultivation to deplete the weed seed bank or to prescribe the optimum depth of mulches to favour certain species. Our model showed that, in general, larger-seeded species emerged from deeper in the soil, but the relationship between seed size and shape and emergence was complex, possibly species specific. Our germination data may also assist our understanding of the relative importance of different causes of seed losses, particularly from different zones of the soil profile, such as the soil surface. Understanding the component processes of seed behaviour and germination is essential to developing sustainable weed management practices in agriculture and horticulture, and the work reported here contributes to a larger programme modelling weed seed bank population dynamics. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00836.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=134188 Grundy, A.C., Mead, Andrew, Burston, S. 2003 Modelling the emergence response of weed seeds to burial depth : interactions with seed density, weight and shape. Journal of applied ecology, 40 : 757-770.

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Consultable Article (2003) URL

The seed bank longevity index revisited : limited reliability evident from a burial experiment and database analyses / Arne Saatkamp in Annals of Botany, 104 (4) (2009) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 104 (4) (2009) . - 715-724 Titre : The seed bank longevity index revisited : limited reliability evident from a burial experiment and database analyses Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Arne Saatkamp ; Laurence Affre (1969-) ; Thierry Dutoit (1967-) ; Peter Poschlod Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : 715-724 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Banque de semences dans le sol [CBNPMP-Thématique] Longévité des semences [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Mots-clés : Bifora testiculata  Carthamus lanatus  Centaurea solstitialis L. Résumé : Seed survival in the soil contributes to population persistence and community diversity, creating a need for reliable measures of soil seed bank persistence. Several methods estimate soil seed bank persistence, most of which count seedlings emerging from soil samples. Seasonality, depth distribution and presence (or absence) in vegetation are then used to classify a species' soil seed bank into persistent or transient, often synthesized into a longevity index. This study aims to determine if counts of seedlings from soil samples yield reliable seed bank persistence estimates and if this is correlated to seed production. Seeds of 38 annual weeds taken from arable fields were buried in the field and their viability tested by germination and tetrazolium tests at 6 month intervals for 2·5 years. This direct measure of soil seed survival was compared with indirect estimates from the literature, which use seedling emergence from soil samples to determine seed bank persistence. Published databases were used to explore the generality of the influence of reproductive capacity on seed bank persistence estimates from seedling emergence data. There was no relationship between a species' soil seed survival in the burial experiment and its seed bank persistence estimate from published data using seedling emergence from soil samples. The analysis of complementary data from published databases revealed that while seed bank persistence estimates based on seedling emergence from soil samples are generally correlated with seed production, estimates of seed banks from burial experiments are not. The results can be explained in terms of the seed size–seed number trade-off, which suggests that the higher number of smaller seeds is compensated after germination. Soil seed bank persistence estimates correlated to seed production are therefore not useful for studies on population persistence or community diversity. Confusion of soil seed survival and seed production can be avoided by separate use of soil seed abundance and experimental soil seed survival. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1093/aob/mcp148 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141291 Saatkamp, Arne, Affre, Laurence (1969-), Dutoit, Thierry (1967-), Poschlod, Peter 2009 The seed bank longevity index revisited : limited reliability evident from a burial experiment and database analyses. Annals of Botany, 104(4): 715-724.

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Consultable Article (2009) URL