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Disentangling the effects of land use, shrub cover and climate on the invasion speed of native and introduced pines in grasslands / Nadine Boulant in Diversity and Distributions, 15 (2009) 

Public Citation [article]  inDiversity and Distributions > 15 (2009) . - 1047–1059 Titre : Disentangling the effects of land use, shrub cover and climate on the invasion speed of native and introduced pines in grasslands Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Nadine Boulant ; Aurélie Garnier ; Thomas Curt (1960-) ; Jacques Lepart (1947-) Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : 1047–1059 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : Aims To determine how changes in land use, climate and shrub cover affect the invasion dynamics of native (Pinus sylvestris L.) and introduced (Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. nigra) pines in grasslands. To analyse how these factors interact and affect seedling recruitment, a bottleneck in the lifecycle of many trees. Such information is required to manage the dynamics of these species. Location Grands Causses, calcareous plateaus (Southern France). Methods We used both published and unpublished demographic and dispersal data to assess population growth and invasion speed of invading pines. A demographic and spatially explicit model, which included density dependence and stochasticity in dispersal, demography and environment, was run for different scenarios of sheep grazing pressure (nil, extensive or intensive), shrub cover (0, 10 or 20%) and drought frequency (past-to-present or future). For each scenario, population growth rate, invasion speed and elasticity of invasion speed to each demographic and dispersal parameter were computed. Results Grazing was the main factor for limiting invasion speed. Shrub cover reduced tree spread under nil or extensive grazing pressure, but increased it under intensive grazing pressure. Although dry years led to nil seedling establishment rates, an increase in their frequency had surprisingly few effects on pine invasion speed. This last result remained unchanged when very dry years, inducing seedling, but also sapling mortality were introduced. In most environmental conditions, population growth rate and invasion speed were higher for the introduced than for the native pine. Elasticity analysis highlighted the importance of demographic parameters on invasion speed, notably adult and sapling survival. Main conclusion Tree invasion speed may rely at least as much on human activities, like sheep grazing, tree cutting and non-native trees introduction, as on changes in climate factors. Therefore, human activities need to be explicitly taken into account in the prediction and management of tree dynamics. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00604.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142737 Boulant, Nadine, Garnier, Aurélie, Curt, Thomas (1960-), Lepart, Jacques (1947-) 2009 Disentangling the effects of land use, shrub cover and climate on the invasion speed of native and introduced pines in grasslands. Diversity and Distributions, 15: 1047–1059.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2009) URL

European map of alien plant invasions based on the quantitative assessment across habitats / Milan Chytrý in Diversity and Distributions, 15 (2009) 

Public Citation [article]  inDiversity and Distributions > 15 (2009) . - 98–107 Titre : European map of alien plant invasions based on the quantitative assessment across habitats Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Milan Chytrý (1967-) ; Petr Pyšek ; Jan Wild ; Joan Pino ; Lindsay Maskell ; Montserrat Vilà Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : 98–107 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : Aim Recent studies using vegetation plots have demonstrated that habitat type is a good predictor of the level of plant invasion, expressed as the proportion of alien to all species. At local scale, habitat types explain the level of invasion much better than alien propagule pressure. Moreover, it has been shown that patterns of habitat invasion are consistent among European regions with contrasting climates, biogeography, history and socioeconomic background. Here we use these findings as a basis for mapping the level of plant invasion in Europe. Location European Union and some adjacent countries. Methods We used 52,480 vegetation plots from Catalonia (NE Spain), Czech Republic and Great Britain to quantify the levels of invasion by neophytes (alien plant species introduced after ad 1500) in 33 habitat types. Then we estimated the proportion of each of these habitat types in CORINE land-cover classes and calculated the level of invasion for each class. We projected the levels of invasion on the CORINE land-cover map of Europe, extrapolating Catalonian data to the Mediterranean bioregion, Czech data to the Continental bioregion, British data to the British Isles and combined Czech–British data to the Atlantic and Boreal bioregions. Results The highest levels of invasion were predicted for agricultural, urban and industrial land-cover classes, low levels for natural and semi-natural grasslands and most woodlands, and the lowest levels for sclerophyllous vegetation, heathlands and peatlands. The resulting map of the level of invasion reflected the distribution of these land-cover classes across Europe. Main conclusions High level of invasion is predicted in lowland areas of the temperate zone of western and central Europe and low level in the boreal zone and mountain regions across the continent. Low level of invasion is also predicted in the Mediterranean region except its coastline, river corridors and areas with irrigated agricultural land. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00515.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142745 Chytrý, Milan (1967-), Pyšek, Petr, Wild, Jan, Pino, Joan, Maskell, Lindsay, Vilà, Montserrat 2009 European map of alien plant invasions based on the quantitative assessment across habitats. Diversity and Distributions, 15: 98–107.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2009) URL