Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Emmanuelle Porcher (1976-) |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (4)
Affiner la rechercheDynamique de la diversité génétique dans les populations naturelles et artificielles de plantes autogames / Thomas Bataillon (2003)
est un extrait de Le patrimoine génétique : la diversité et la ressource - 4ème colloque national BRG / Colloque Le patrimoine génétique, la diversité et la ressource (2002; La Châtre, Indre) (2004)
Titre : Dynamique de la diversité génétique dans les populations naturelles et artificielles de plantes autogames Type de document : Extrait d'ouvrage Auteurs : Thomas Bataillon ; Isabelle Bonnin ; Jacques David ; Claire Lavigne ; Valérie Le Corre ; Sébastien Poirier ; Emmanuelle Porcher (1976-) ; Xavier Reboud ; Joëlle Ronfort ; Fabrice Roux ; Sylvain Santoni ; Anne Céline Thuillet Année de publication : 2003 Importance : p. 187-199 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Génétique et écologie (dynamique, démographique, sélection) Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=84858 Bataillon, Thomas, Bonnin, Isabelle, David, Jacques, Lavigne, Claire, Le Corre, Valérie, Poirier, Sébastien, Porcher, Emmanuelle (1976-), Reboud, Xavier, Ronfort, Joëlle, Roux, Fabrice, Santoni, Sylvain, Thuillet, Anne Céline 2003 Dynamique de la diversité génétique dans les populations naturelles et artificielles de plantes autogames. In: Le patrimoine génétique : la diversité et la ressource - 4ème colloque national BRG. Bureau des ressources génétiques, Paris: 187-199.Evolution of genetic diversity in metapopulations : Arabidopsis thaliana as an experimental model / Xavier Reboud ; Madeleine Lefranc ; Emmanuelle Porcher ; Isabelle Olivieri ; Bernard Godelle in Genetics Selection Evolution, 33 (suppl. 1) (2001)
Titre : Evolution of genetic diversity in metapopulations : Arabidopsis thaliana as an experimental model Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Xavier Reboud ; Madeleine Lefranc ; Emmanuelle Porcher (1976-) ; Isabelle Olivieri (1957-2016) ; Bernard Godelle Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : p. 33 (suppl. 1) : 399-423 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Diversité génétique
[CBNPMP-Thématique] MétapopulationRésumé : Two experiments were set up to investigate how to maintain or create genetic diversity in artificial or managed populations of plants. Using Arabidopsis thaliana, we established 18 metapopulations of 20 populations each, all with the same initial genetic composition. We tested the effects of the population size, the artificial selection regime and the extinction/recolonisation regime. We report the results of the first four generations of evolution for a trait under selection (precocity) and for allozyme diversity. As expected, overall diversity decreased in each metapopulation, and differentiation among populations increased. As expected, the differentiation was weaker for larger population sizes and in the treatment with extinction and recolonisation with no bottleneck. Artificial selection was effective because the life cycle duration was much reduced. However, most of the reduction occurred during the first generation. We observed an increase of one allele at the LAP-2 locus in all metapopulations, breaching neutral assumptions for this locus. Finally, the selection regime made little difference for small population sizes, whereas large metapopulations were more differentiated when artificial selection was heterogeneous among populations. Altogether, our results agree with theoretical expectations, and provide some new results, which could not have been anticipated. In particular, the overall decrease in genetic diversity was very large (of the order of 20% in 4 generations) even for metapopulations of 2000 individuals. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1186/BF03500892 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=84690
in Genetics Selection Evolution > 33 (suppl. 1) (2001) . - p. 33 (suppl. 1) : 399-423Reboud, Xavier, Lefranc, Madeleine, Porcher, Emmanuelle (1976-), Olivieri, Isabelle (1957-2016), Godelle, Bernard 2001 Evolution of genetic diversity in metapopulations : Arabidopsis thaliana as an experimental model. Genetics Selection Evolution, 33(suppl.1): p. 33 (suppl. 1) : 399-423.Exemplaires (1)
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Article (2001)URLLandscape disturbance causes small‐scale functional homogenization, but limited taxonomic homogenization, in plant communities / Jean-Claude Abadie
Titre : Landscape disturbance causes small‐scale functional homogenization, but limited taxonomic homogenization, in plant communities Type de document : Tiré à part de revue Auteurs : Jean-Claude Abadie, Auteur ; Nathalie Machon, Auteur ; Audrey Muratet, Auteur ; Emmanuelle Porcher (1976-), Auteur Importance : 1134-1142 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Systématique, taxonomie Résumé : Biotic homogenization (BH), a dominant process shaping the response of natural communities to human disturbance, reflects both the expansion of exotic species at large scales and other mechanisms that often operate at smaller scales. Here, we examined the relationship between BH in plant communities and spatio-temporal landscape disturbance (habitat fragmentation and surrounding habitat conversion) at a local scale (1km²), using data from a standardized monitoring programme in France. We quantified BH using both a spatial partitioning of taxonomic diversity and the average habitat specialization of communities, which informs on functional BH. We observed a positive relationship between local taxonomic diversity and landscape fragmentation or instability. This increase in local taxonomic diversity was, however, paralleled by a decrease in average community specialization in more fragmented landscapes and in more unstable landscapes around forest sites. The decrease in average community specialization suggests that landscape disturbance causes functional BH, but there was limited evidence for concurrent taxonomic BH. Synthesis. Our results show that landscape disturbance is partly responsible for functional BH at small scales via the extirpation of specialist species, with possible consequences for ecosystem functioning. However, this change in community composition is not systematically associated with taxonomic BH. This has direct relevance in designing biodiversity indicators: metrics incorporating species sensitivity to disturbance (such as species specialization to habitat) appear much more reliable than taxonomic diversity for documenting the response of communities to disturbance. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01851.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=144173 Abadie, Jean-Claude, Machon, Nathalie, Muratet, Audrey, Porcher, Emmanuelle (1976-) [sans date] Landscape disturbance causes small‐scale functional homogenization, but limited taxonomic homogenization, in plant communities. Journal of ecology, 99(5) : 1134-1142.Exemplaires (1)
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Article (2011)URL
Titre : Short-term climate-induced change in French plant communities Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Gabrielle Martin ; Vincent Devictor (1978-) ; Eric Motard ; Nathalie Machon ; Emmanuelle Porcher (1976-) Année de publication : 0209 Article en page(s) : 20190280 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [LOTERRE-Biodiversité] Changement climatique
[LOTERRE-Biodiversité] Communauté végétaleRésumé : Latitudinal and altitudinal range shifts in response to climate change have been reported for numerous animal species, especially those with high dispersal capacities. In plants, the impact of climate change on species distribution or community composition has been documented mainly over long periods (decades) and in specific habitats, often forests. Here, we broaden the results of such long-term, focused studies by examining climate-driven changes in plant community composition over a large area (France) encompassing multiple habitat types and over a short period (2009–2017). To this end, we measured mean community thermal preference, calculated as the community-weighted mean of the Ellenberg temperature indicator value, using data from a standardized participatory monitoring scheme. We report a rapid increase in the mean thermal preference of plant communities at national and regional scales, which we relate to climate change. This reshuffling of plant community composition corresponds to a relative increase in the abundance of warm- versus cold-adapted species. However, support for this trend was weaker when considering only the common species, including common annuals. Our results thus suggest for the first time that the response of plant communities to climate change involves subtle changes affecting all species rare and common, which can nonetheless be detected over short time periods. Whether such changes are sufficient to cope with the current climate warming remains to be ascertained. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0280 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151801
in Biology letters > 15 (7) (July 2019) . - 20190280Martin, Gabrielle, Devictor, Vincent (1978-), Motard, Eric, Machon, Nathalie, Porcher, Emmanuelle (1976-) 0209 Short-term climate-induced change in French plant communities. Biology letters, 15(7): 20190280.Documents numériques
Article (2019)URL
