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Auteur Norbert Hölzel (1963-) |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (7)
Affiner la rechercheAre local plants the best for ecosystem restoration? It depends on how you analyze the data / Anna Bucharova in Ecology and evolution, 7 (24) (2017)
Titre : Are local plants the best for ecosystem restoration? It depends on how you analyze the data Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Anna Bucharova ; Walter Durka ; Norbert Hölzel (1963-) ; Johannes Kollmann (1963-) ; Stefan Michalski ; Oliver Bossdorf Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : 7 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Revégétalisation Résumé : One of the key questions in ecosystem restoration is the choice of the seed materialfor restoring plant communities. The most common strategy is to use local seedsources, based on the argument that many plants are locally adapted and thus localseed sources should provide the best restoration success. However, the evidence forlocal adaptation is inconsistent, and some of these inconsistencies may be due to dif-ferent experimental approaches that have been used to test for local adaptation. Weillustrate how conclusions about local adaptation depend on the experimental designand in particular on the method of data analysis. We used data from a multispeciesreciprocal transplant experiment and analyzed them in three different ways: (1) com-paring local vs. foreign plants within species and sites, corresponding to tests of the“local is best” paradigm in ecological restoration, (2) comparing sympatric vs. allopatricpopulations across sites but within species, and (3) comparing sympatric and allopatricpopulations across multiple species. These approaches reflect different experimentaldesigns: While a local vs. foreign comparison can be done even in small experimentswith a single species and site, the other two approaches require a reciprocal transplantexperiment with one or multiple species, respectively. The three different analyses ledto contrasting results. While the local/foreign approach indicated lack of local adapta-tion or even maladaptation, the more general sympatric/allopatric approach rathersuggested local adaptation, and the most general cross-species sympatric/allopatrictest provided significant evidence for local adaptation. The analyses demonstrate howthe design of experiments and methods of data analysis impact conclusions on thepresence or absence of local adaptation. While small-scale, single-species experimentsmay be useful for identifying the appropriate seed material for a specific restorationproject, general patterns can only be detected in reciprocal transplant experimentswith multiple species and sites. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1002/ece3.3585 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155158
in Ecology and evolution > 7 (24) (2017) . - 7 p.Bucharova, Anna, Durka, Walter, Hölzel, Norbert (1963-), Kollmann, Johannes (1963-), Michalski, Stefan, Bossdorf, Oliver 2017 Are local plants the best for ecosystem restoration? It depends on how you analyze the data. Ecology and evolution, 7(24): 7 p..Documents numériques
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Article (2017)URLGenetic differentiation and regional adaptation among seed origins used for grassland restoration: Lessons from a multispecies transplant experiment / Anna Bucharova (2016)
Titre : Genetic differentiation and regional adaptation among seed origins used for grassland restoration: Lessons from a multispecies transplant experiment Type de document : Tiré à part de revue Auteurs : Anna Bucharova, Auteur ; Stefan Michalski, Auteur ; Julia-Maria Hermann, Auteur ; Karola Heveling, Auteur ; Norbert Hölzel (1963-), Auteur ; Johannes Kollmann (1963-), Auteur ; Oliver Bossdorf, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 1-10 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Revégétalisation Résumé : One of the key questions in ecosystem restoration is the choice of seed material for restoring plant communities. More and more scientists and practitioners are currently advocating the use of regional seed sources, based on the argument that plants are often adapted to local or regional environmental conditions, and thus, regional seed sources should provide the best restoration success. However, there is still substantial debate about this approach, partly because of a lack of solid empirical data. We conducted a multispecies transplant experiment in which we compared the performance of eight seed origins of seven plant species frequently used in grassland restoration in four common gardens across Germany. We found that, on average, plants of regional origins produced 10% more inflorescences and 7% more biomass than those of foreign origins. There were substantial differences among species in the strength of these effects, but in the majority of the study species fitness decreased with increasing geographical distance of seed origins or with increasing climatic differences between plant origins and experimental sites. In addition to these effects on plant fitness, increasing geographical or climatic distances of origin were often also correlated with increasing differences in plant phenology. Since phenology is important for biotic interactions, especially with pollinators and seed predators, using foreign seed sources may have cascading effects on local ecosystems. Synthesis and applications. Genetic differentiation is widespread in grassland species and often shows the patterns of regional adaptation. Our study thus supports the use of regional seed sources in restoration. Moreover, using non-regional seed sources in grassland restoration may not only decrease the performance of plants, but it will likely also affect their biotic interactions.
Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2664.12645 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=144176 Bucharova, Anna, Michalski, Stefan, Hermann, Julia-Maria, Heveling, Karola, Hölzel, Norbert (1963-), Kollmann, Johannes (1963-), Bossdorf, Oliver 2016 Genetic differentiation and regional adaptation among seed origins used for grassland restoration: Lessons from a multispecies transplant experiment. Journal of applied ecology, 54(1) : 1-10.Documents numériques
Article (2016)URL
Titre : Genetic differentiation within multiple common grassland plants supports seed transfer zones for ecological restoration Type de document : Numérique Auteurs : Walter Durka ; Stefan Michalski ; Kenneth W. Berendzen ; Oliver Bossdorf ; Anna Bucharova ; Julia-Maria Hermann ; Norbert Hölzel (1963-) ; Johannes Kollmann (1963-) Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : 116-126 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Restauration des écosystèmes
[CBNPMP-Thématique] RevégétalisationRésumé : Ecological restoration of grasslands is increasingly based on regional seeds derived from predefined seed transfer zones. However, the degree and spatial pattern of genetic differentiation among provenances of different seed transfer zones is largely unknown.
We assessed the genetic differentiation among eight out of 22 German seed transfer zones for seven common grassland species (Arrhenatherum elatius, Centaurea jacea, Daucus carota, Galium album, Hypochaeris radicata, Knautia arvensis and Lychnis flos-cuculi) using AFLP markers. We analysed genetic population structure with AMOVA and Bayesian cluster analysis and tested for isolation by distance and isolation by environment.
In all of the investigated species, almost all pairs of provenances were genetically differentiated. Bayesian cluster analysis revealed species-specific numbers and spatial patterns of gene pools, with between two (Arrhenatherum) and eight clusters (Lychnis). Most investigated seed transfer zones represented a unique gene pool in the majority of the species.
We found isolation by distance in four species, isolation by environment, driven by climatic seasonality, in three species, and a lack of both in three species. Thus, the observed genetic differentiation appears to be caused by both neutral and adaptive processes.
Synthesis and applications. Our study shows that grassland plants are indeed strongly genetically differentiated across Germany supporting the strategy of seed transfer zones for ecological restoration. Although the predefined seed transfer zones are unlikely to match the exact genetic structure of many species, they serve their purpose by capturing a substantial amount of intraspecific genetic variation across species.Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2664.12636 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155159
in Journal of applied ecology > 54 (1) (2017) . - 116-126Durka, Walter, Michalski, Stefan, Berendzen, Kenneth W., Bossdorf, Oliver, Bucharova, Anna, Hermann, Julia-Maria, Hölzel, Norbert (1963-), Kollmann, Johannes (1963-) 2017 Genetic differentiation within multiple common grassland plants supports seed transfer zones for ecological restoration. Journal of applied ecology, 54(1): 116-126.Introduction of species to topsoil removal site by transfer of plant material / Norbert Hölzel (2006)
est un extrait de Species Introduction in restoration projects - possibilities and limitations- International worshop of the specialist group "Restoration Ecology" of the ecological Society of Germany, Austria and Switzerland (Gfö) / Kathrin Kiehl (2006)
Titre : Introduction of species to topsoil removal site by transfer of plant material Type de document : Extrait d'ouvrage Auteurs : Norbert Hölzel (1963-) Année de publication : 2006 Importance : p. 20 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Revégétalisation Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85207 Hölzel, Norbert (1963-) 2006 Introduction of species to topsoil removal site by transfer of plant material. In: Species Introduction in restoration projects - possibilities and limitations- International worshop of the specialist group "Restoration Ecology" of the ecological Society of Germany, Austria and Switzerland (Gfö). Technische Universität München, Freising: 20.Mix and match: regional admixture provenancing strikes a balance among different seed-sourcing strategies for ecological restoration / Anna Bucharova (2018)
Titre : Mix and match: regional admixture provenancing strikes a balance among different seed-sourcing strategies for ecological restoration Type de document : Numérique Auteurs : Anna Bucharova ; Oliver Bossdorf ; Norbert Hölzel (1963-) ; Johannes Kollmann (1963-) ; Rüdiger Prasse ; Walter Durka Année de publication : 2018 Importance : 7-17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Revégétalisation Résumé : One of the main questions in ecosystem restoration is where to obtain the seeds to re-establish plant communities. While the most commonly advocated approach is to use seeds from local sources, some experts argue against this because local populations may harbour little genetic variability for the restored populations to be able to adapt to and survive global change. Instead, they propose alternative strategies such as mixing seeds from various sources to increase genetic variability and adaptive potential, or using seeds from populations that have a similar climate as predicted for the target locality in the future. All these alternative seed-sourcing strategies have in common that they involve a transplanting of plant ecotypes, sometimes over large spatial scales. This is risky because plants from distant origins may be maladapted to the current local abiotic and biotic environment. In addition, introduction of non-local provenances will disrupt natural patterns of withinspecies biodiversity and will affect ecological networks, with unpredictable consequences. To balance the value of local adaptation with the need for future adaptation potential, we propose ‘regional admixture provenancing’ as a compromise strategy. Here seeds are sourced from multiple populations within the same region as the target locality and mixed prior to use. The mixing of seeds will increase the genetic diversity necessary for future adaptation, while restricting seed origins to a regional scale will maintain regional adaptation and reduce the risk of unintended effects on other biota. This approach is feasible in practice and has recently been implemented in Germany. We believe that it represents a compromise to reconcile opposing views on ecological restoration. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1007/s10592-018-1067-6 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=145129 Bucharova, Anna, Bossdorf, Oliver, Hölzel, Norbert (1963-), Kollmann, Johannes (1963-), Prasse, Rüdiger, Durka, Walter , 2018. Mix and match: regional admixture provenancing strikes a balance among different seed-sourcing strategies for ecological restoration. , . 7-17
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