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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierTailored flower strips promote natural enemy biodiversity and pest control in potato crops / Matthias Tschumi in Journal of applied ecology, 53 (2016)
Titre : Tailored flower strips promote natural enemy biodiversity and pest control in potato crops Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Matthias Tschumi (1986-) ; Matthias Albrecht ; Jana Collatz ; Viktor Dubsky ; Martin H. Entling ; Adriana J. Najar-Rodriguez ; Katja Jacot (1971-) Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : 1169-1176 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Sown flower strips are increasingly implemented within agri-environment schemes (AES) to increase functional biodiversity and ecosystem services such as pollination or natural pest control, but their effectiveness in achieving these goals remains poorly studied.
We tested the performance of experimentally sown annual flower strips specifically designed to promote natural enemies of aphids and their pest control services (tailored flower strips) in adjacent potato crops (n = 8) compared with control fields (n = 10). Flower strips consisted of 11 plant species providing abundant floral and extra-floral resources.
The abundance of key natural enemies of aphids (hoverflies, lacewings and ladybirds) and hoverfly species richness was greatly enhanced in tailored flower strips compared with potato control strips. This resulted in an average increase in the number of eggs deposited by hoverflies and lacewings by 127% and 48%, respectively, and a reduction in the number of aphids by 75% in adjacent potato crops.
Synthesis and applications. We conclude that tailored flower strips can be an effective agri-environmental measure to enhance natural enemies and aphid control in nearby crops. Indeed, tailored flower strips may help to reduce insecticide input in potato production as they significantly decrease the probability that action thresholds are reached. Promoting natural enemy abundance and diversity, as observed for hoverflies, may increase the stability of pest control and provide additional benefits to agro-ecosystems in terms of natural enemy conservation. We thus recommend establishing tailored flower strips as a promising management option to reconcile the objectives of ecological intensification and biodiversity conservation.
Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2664.12653 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=144415
in Journal of applied ecology > 53 (2016) . - 1169-1176Tschumi, Matthias (1986-), Albrecht, Matthias, Collatz, Jana, Dubsky, Viktor, Entling, Martin H., Najar-Rodriguez, Adriana J., Jacot, Katja (1971-) 2016 Tailored flower strips promote natural enemy biodiversity and pest control in potato crops. Journal of applied ecology, 53: 1169-1176.Documents numériques
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Titre : Nectar accessibility determines fitness, flower choice and abundance of hoverflies that provide natural pest control Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Paul C. J. van Rijn ; Félix Wäckers Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : 925-933 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [LOTERRE-Biodiversité] Pollinisateur Résumé : In modern agricultural landscapes, many organisms providing ecosystem services such as pollination and natural pest control are likely constrained by shortage of nectar and/or pollen required for adult nutrition. More and more flower-rich field margin strips and other habitats are created to eliminate these constraints. For most target organisms, however, it is not well known which (types of) flowers are effective in providing suitable pollen and nectar. We studied the suitability of a wide range of flowers as a food source for zoophagous hoverflies (hoverflies with predatory larvae) at five different levels: nectar accessibility (based on flower morphology), realized adult fitness, flower choice (both based on cage experiments), flower visitation and hoverfly abundance in mixed vegetation (both based on field observations). Realized survival of Episyrphus balteatus is related to effective flower depth by a sigmoid function. The critical flower depth is 1·6 mm, which is less than the proboscis size of the hoverfly. For Asteraceae, the critical floret depth is even less than 1·0 mm, which – in contrast to common knowledge – rules out most species within this family. Both flower choice in the laboratory and flower visitation rates in the field are well correlated with nectar accessibility and realized adult survival. In mixed floral vegetation, the number of zoophagous hoverflies is highly correlated with the abundance of only those flowers that have accessible nectar for these hoverflies.
Synthesis and applications. This comparative study demonstrates that nectar (and not pollen) accessibility is the main driver determining flower resource suitability, flower choice and abundance of zoophagous hoverflies in arable field margins. The study identifies the limited range of plant species that can effectively support these beneficial insects. Preserving the right flowers in and around agricultural fields could enhance local populations and the pest control and pollination services they provide.
Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2664.12605 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=150748
in Journal of applied ecology > 53 (2016) . - 925-933Rijn, Paul C. J. van, Wäckers, Félix 2016 Nectar accessibility determines fitness, flower choice and abundance of hoverflies that provide natural pest control. Journal of applied ecology, 53: 925-933.Documents numériques
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