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Assessing the impacts of agricultural intensification on biodiversity : a British perspective / Leslie George Firbank (2008)

Public Citation est un tiré à part de 363 (1492) - 27/02/2008 (Philosophical Transactions Royal Society London B) Titre : Assessing the impacts of agricultural intensification on biodiversity : a British perspective Type de document : Tiré à part de revue Auteurs : Leslie George Firbank ; Sandrine Petit (1969-) ; Simon M. Smart ; Alasdair Blain ; Robert Fuller Année de publication : 2008 Importance : 777–787 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Incidence des activités agricoles Résumé : Agricultural intensification is best considered as the level of human appropriation of terrestrial net primary production. The global value is set to increase from 30%, increasing pressures on biodiversity. The pressures can be classified in terms of spatial scale, i.e. land cover, landscape management and crop management. Different lowland agricultural landscapes in Great Britain show differences among these pressures when habitat diversity and nutrient surplus are used as indicators. Eutrophication of plants was correlated to N surplus, and species richness of plants correlated with broad habitat diversity. Bird species diversity only correlated with habitat diversity when the diversity of different agricultural habitats was taken into account. The pressures of agricultural change may be reduced by minimizing loss of large habitats, minimizing permanent loss of agricultural land, maintaining habitat diversity in agricultural landscapes in order to provide ecosystem services, and minimizing pollution from nutrients and pesticides from the crops themselves. While these pressures could potentially be quantified using an internationally consistent set of indicators, their impacts would need to be assessed using a much larger number of locally applicable biodiversity indicators. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1098/rstb.2007.2183 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135190 Firbank, Leslie George, Petit, Sandrine (1969-), Smart, Simon M., Blain, Alasdair, Fuller, Robert 2008 Assessing the impacts of agricultural intensification on biodiversity : a British perspective. Philosophical Transactions Royal Society London B, 363(1492) : 777–787.

Exemplaires (1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
23828	Firbank L.	Tiré à part	Bureaux	Conservation	Consultable

Responses of plants and invertebrate trophic groups to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide–tolerant crops / Cathy Hawes in Philosophical Transactions Royal Society London B, 358 (1439) (29/11/2003)  

Public Citation [article]  inPhilosophical Transactions Royal Society London B > 358 (1439) (29/11/2003) . - 1899-1913 Titre : Responses of plants and invertebrate trophic groups to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide–tolerant crops Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Cathy Hawes ; Alison J. Haughton ; Juliet L. Osborne ; D. B. Roy ; S. J. Clark ; J. N. Perry ; Peter Rothery ; David A. Bohan ; David R. Brooks ; Gillian T. Champion ; Alan Dewar ; Matthew S. Heard ; I. P. Woiwod ; R. E. Daniels ; Mark Young ; A. M. Parish ; Rod J. Scott ; Leslie George Firbank ; Geoffrey R. Squire Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : 1899-1913 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Effects of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) and conventional crop management on invertebrate trophic groups (herbivores, detritivores, pollinators, predators and parasitoids) were compared in beet, maize and spring oilseed rape sites throughout the UK. These trophic groups were influenced by season, crop species and GMHT management. Many groups increased twofold to fivefold in abundance between early and late summer, and differed up to 10-fold between crop species. GMHT management superimposed relatively small (less than twofold), but consistent, shifts in plant and insect abundance, the extent and direction of these effects being dependent on the relative efficacies of comparable conventional herbicide regimes. In general, the biomass of weeds was reduced under GMHT management in beet and spring oilseed rape and increased in maize compared with conventional treatments. This change in resource availability had knock-on effects on higher trophic levels except in spring oilseed rape where herbivore resource was greatest. Herbivores, pollinators and natural enemies changed in abundance in the same directions as their resources, and detritivores increased in abundance under GMHT management across all crops. The result of the later herbicide application in GMHT treatments was a shift in resource from the herbivore food web to the detritivore food web. The Farm Scale Evaluations have demonstrated over 3 years and throughout the UK that herbivores, detritivores and many of their predators and parasitoids in arable systems are sensitive to the changes in weed communities that result from the introduction of new herbicide regimes. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1098/rstb.2003.1406 En ligne : https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2003.1406 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141305 Hawes, Cathy, Haughton, Alison J., Osborne, Juliet L., Roy, D. B., Clark, S. J., Perry, J. N., Rothery, Peter, Bohan, David A., Brooks, David R., Champion, Gillian T., Dewar, Alan, Heard, Matthew S., Woiwod, I. P., Daniels, R. E., Young, Mark, Parish, A. M., Scott, Rod J., Firbank, Leslie George, Squire, Geoffrey R. 2003 Responses of plants and invertebrate trophic groups to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide–tolerant crops. Philosophical Transactions Royal Society London B, 358(1439): 1899-1913.