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Management options for the conservation of rare arable plants in Europe / Harald Albrecht (2016) 

Public Citation est un tiré à part de 163 (4) - December 2016 (Botany letters) Titre : Management options for the conservation of rare arable plants in Europe Type de document : Tiré à part de revue Auteurs : Harald Albrecht ; Jocelyne Cambecèdes ; Marion Lang ; Markus Wagner Année de publication : 2016 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Conservation et gestion des espèces [CBNPMP-Thématique] Mauvaises herbes [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : Rapid intensification of farming after 1950 resulted in a dramatic decline in plant species diversity in European arable ecosystems, and pronounced shifts in species composition, including severe decreases in many species closely adapted to traditional agricultural practices. These changes in the arable vegetation have also resulted in pronounced losses of food and habitat resources for the dependent fauna. To counter these trends, and to conserve traditional arable plant communities, various strategies have been developed, ranging from an integration of conservation aspects into existing farming systems with a focus on crop production (“land sharing strategies”) to “land sparing” measures where conservation aspects take priority over crop production. This review gives an overview of those strategies, with a particular focus on arable plant conservation. Among the systems integrating species conservation into regular crop production, good results were achieved with organic farming and traditional “lowintensity farming systems”. Where production-focused management cannot deliver rare species persistence, targeted conservation measures are required. A wide range of such measures is available, e.g. in the form of conservation headlands, uncropped cultivated field margins, and wildflower strips, and in the form of arable reserves and fields primarily managed for conservation objectives. Finally, we discuss the possibility of re-introducing rare arable species at suitable sites, highlighting the importance of favourable management for successful establishment, based on existing experimental evidence. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1080/23818107.2016.1237886 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135361 Albrecht, Harald, Cambecèdes, Jocelyne, Lang, Marion, Wagner, Markus 2016 Management options for the conservation of rare arable plants in Europe. Botany letters, 163(4) .

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Management options for the conservation of rare arable plants in Europe / Harald Albrecht in Botany letters, 163 (4) (December 2016) 

Public Citation [article]  inBotany letters > 163 (4) (December 2016) . - 389-415 Titre : Management options for the conservation of rare arable plants in Europe Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Harald Albrecht ; Jocelyne Cambecèdes ; Marion Lang ; Markus Wagner Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : 389-415 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Conservation et gestion des espèces [CBNPMP-Thématique] Mauvaises herbes [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : Rapid intensification of farming after 1950 resulted in a dramatic decline in plant species diversity in European arable ecosystems, and pronounced shifts in species composition, including severe decreases in many species closely adapted to traditional agricultural practices. These changes in the arable vegetation have also resulted in pronounced losses of food and habitat resources for the dependent fauna. To counter these trends, and to conserve traditional arable plant communities, various strategies have been developed, ranging from an integration of conservation aspects into existing farming systems with a focus on crop production (“land sharing strategies”) to “land sparing” measures where conservation aspects take priority over crop production. This review gives an overview of those strategies, with a particular focus on arable plant conservation. Among the systems integrating species conservation into regular crop production, good results were achieved with organic farming and traditional “low-intensity farming systems”. Where production-focused management cannot deliver rare species persistence, targeted conservation measures are required. A wide range of such measures is available, e.g. in the form of conservation headlands, uncropped cultivated field margins, and wildflower strips, and in the form of arable reserves and fields primarily managed for conservation objectives. Finally, we discuss the possibility of re-introducing rare arable species at suitable sites, highlighting the importance of favourable management for successful establishment, based on existing experimental evidence. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1080/23818107.2016.1237886 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148915 Albrecht, Harald, Cambecèdes, Jocelyne, Lang, Marion, Wagner, Markus 2016 Management options for the conservation of rare arable plants in Europe. Botany letters, 163(4): 389-415.

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Reintroduction of rare arable plants by seed transfer. What are the optimal sowing rates? / Marion Lang in Ecology and evolution, 6 (15) (2016) 

Public Citation [article]  inEcology and evolution > 6 (15) (2016) . - 5506-5516 Titre : Reintroduction of rare arable plants by seed transfer. What are the optimal sowing rates? Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Marion Lang ; Julia W. Prestele ; Christina Fischer ; Johannes Kollmann (1963-) ; Harald Albrecht Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : 5506-5516 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : During the past decades, agro-biodiversity has markedly declined and some species are close to extinction in large parts of Europe. Reintroduction of rare arable plant species in suitable habitats could counteract this negative trend. The study investigates optimal sowing rates of three endangered species (Legousia speculum-veneris (L.) Chaix, Consolida regalis Gray, and Lithospermum arvense L.), in terms of establishment success, seed production, and crop yield losses.A field experiment with partial additive design was performed in an organically managed winter rye stand with study species added in ten sowing rates of 5-10,000 seeds m(-2). They were sown as a single species or as a three-species mixture (pure vs. mixed sowing) and with vs. without removal of spontaneous weeds. Winter rye was sown at a fixed rate of 350 grains m(-2). Performance of the study species was assessed as plant establishment and seed production. Crop response was determined as grain yield.Plant numbers and seed production were significantly affected by the sowing rate, but not by sowing type (pure vs. mixed sowing of the three study species), and weed removal. All rare arable plant species established and reproduced at sowing rates >25 seeds m(-2), with best performance of L. speculum-veneris. Negative density effects occurred to some extent for plant establishment and more markedly for seed production.The impact of the three study species on crop yield followed sigmoidal functions. Depending on the species, a yield loss of 10% occurred at >100 seeds m(-2). Synthesis and applications: The study shows that reintroduction of rare arable plants by seed transfer is a suitable method to establish them on extensively managed fields, for example, in organic farms with low nutrient level and without mechanical weed control. Sowing rates of 100 seeds m(-2) for C. regalis and L. arvense, and 50 seeds m(-2) for L. speculum-veneris are recommended, to achieve successful establishment with negligible crop yield losses. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1002/ece3.2303 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148448 Lang, Marion, Prestele, Julia W., Fischer, Christina, Kollmann, Johannes (1963-), Albrecht, Harald 2016 Reintroduction of rare arable plants by seed transfer. What are the optimal sowing rates? Ecology and evolution, 6(15): 5506-5516.

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