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Local diversity or arable weeds increases with landscape complexity / Doreen Gabriel in Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 7 (2) (2005)

Public Citation [article]  inPerspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics > 7 (2) (2005) . - 85-93 Titre : Local diversity or arable weeds increases with landscape complexity Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Doreen Gabriel (1976-) ; Carsten Thies ; Teja Tscharntke (1952-) Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : 85-93 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Biodiversité [CBNPMP-Thématique] Mauvaises herbes [CBNPMP-Thématique] Menace sur la biodiversité [CBNPMP-Thématique] Richesse spécifique du paysage [CBNPMP-Thématique] Science du paysage, division de l'espace en individualités, éléments du paysage Résumé : Patterns of plant diversity are often related to local site conditions and to competitive interactions, but landscape context may also be important for local plant species richness. This is shown here by analysing the relationship between landscape complexity and local species richness of arable weeds in wheat fields. The fields were located in 18 landscapes characterised by a gradient in landscape complexity from structurally complex to structurally simple (39–94% arable land). We quantified local site conditions, field management intensity and landscape characteristics, and used principle component analyses to ordinate the environmental variables. The percentage of arable land was negatively correlated with perimeter–area ratio, habitat-type diversity and topographical heterogeneity, but landscape characteristics did not correlate with local site conditions and field management intensity. The number of plant species was mainly related to landscape characteristics and to a lesser extent to field management intensity (nitrogen fertilisation), whereas local soil characteristics did not contribute to the explanation of arable weed richness. In a geographic scale analysis using circular landscape sectors ranging from 1 km up to 5 km diameter, the predictive power of landscape complexity for local plant species richness was strongest at 2 km indicating a scale-dependent relationship between landscape context and plant species richness. Our results support the hypothesis that local plant species richness in arable fields is greatly influenced by processes operating at the landscape scale. Seed rain from ruderal source habitats and disturbed edges may be the most important underlying process. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1016/j.ppees.2005.04.001 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=139250 Gabriel, Doreen (1976-), Thies, Carsten, Tscharntke, Teja (1952-) 2005 Local diversity or arable weeds increases with landscape complexity. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 7(2): 85-93.

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The effects of landscape complexity on arable weed species diversity in organic and conventional farming / Indra Roschewitz in Journal of applied ecology, 42 ([01/01/2005]) 

Public Citation [article]  inJournal of applied ecology > 42 [01/01/2005] . - 873-882 Titre : The effects of landscape complexity on arable weed species diversity in organic and conventional farming Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Indra Roschewitz (1976-) ; Doreen Gabriel (1976-) ; Teja Tscharntke (1952-) ; Carsten Thies Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : 873-882 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Malherbologie [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole [CBNPMP-Thématique] Science du paysage, division de l'espace en individualités, éléments du paysage Résumé : There is growing concern about declining species diversity in agro-ecosystems caused by agricultural intensification at the field and landscape scales. Species diversity of arable weeds is classically related to local abiotic factors and resource conditions. It is believed to be enhanced by organic farming but the surrounding landscape may also be important. This study assessed the ruderal vegetation, seed bank and seed rain in 24 winter wheat fields to examine the relative importance of organic vs. conventional farming and landscape complexity for weed species diversity. Diversity was partitioned into its additive components: alpha, beta and gamma diversity. Percentage arable land in a circular landscape sector of 1-km radius around each study site was used as an indicator of landscape complexity. Weed species diversity in the vegetation, seed rain and seed bank was higher in organic than in conventional fields. Increasing landscape complexity enhanced species diversity more strongly in the vegetation of conventional than organic fields, to the extent that diversity was similar in both farming systems when the landscape was complex. Species diversity of the seed bank was increased by landscape complexity irrespective of farming system. Overall diversity was largely determined by the high heterogeneity between and within the fields (beta diversity). Only in very few cases could higher weed species diversity in complex landscapes and/or organic farming be related to species dependence on landscape or farming system. Synthesis and applications. Local weed species diversity was influenced by both landscape complexity and farming system. Species diversity under organic farming systems was clearly higher in simple landscapes. Conventional vegetation reached similar diversity levels when the surrounding landscape was complex through the presence of refugia for weed populations. Consequently, agri-environment schemes designed to preserve and enhance biodiversity should not only consider the management of single fields but also of the surrounding landscape. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01072.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141297 Roschewitz, Indra (1976-), Gabriel, Doreen (1976-), Tscharntke, Teja (1952-), Thies, Carsten 2005 The effects of landscape complexity on arable weed species diversity in organic and conventional farming. Journal of applied ecology, 42: 873-882.

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