Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Peter Poschlod |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (8)
Affiner la rechercheDecrease of plant alpha and beta-diversity with management intensity in vineyards and the influence of landscape context / Arne Saatkamp in Ecologia Mediterranea, 40 (2) (2014)
Titre : Decrease of plant alpha and beta-diversity with management intensity in vineyards and the influence of landscape context Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Arne Saatkamp ; Laurence Affre (1969-) ; Peter Poschlod ; Philip Roche ; Ulrich Deil ; Thierry Dutoit (1967-) Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : 17-27 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Formation herbeuse, ligneuse (vigne, verger..) Résumé : Diversity of plants in agricultural landscapes is decreasing continually until today and this has cascading effects on ecosystem services and persistence of rare plants. Plant diversity, however, is not equally distributed among different habitat types. On a larger scale differences among habitats can contribute strongly to the global diversity of an agroecosystem. Landscape context and intensity of agriculture can also have effects on diversity. In this work, we present a thorough analysis of -diversity in Mediterranean vineyard ecosystems, showing the effect of geology based landscape units for the outcome of -diversity as well as management intensity for -diversity of threatened plants. The change in diversity according to landscape context emphasizes the importance of landscape heterogeneity and vineyard habitats for local plant diversity. Low intensity agriculture was identified to maintain the highest levels of plant -and -diversity and to promote persistence of rare plants. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.3406/ecmed.2014.1255 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=153931
in Ecologia Mediterranea > 40 (2) (2014) . - 17-27Saatkamp, Arne, Affre, Laurence (1969-), Poschlod, Peter, Roche, Philip, Deil, Ulrich, Dutoit, Thierry (1967-) 2014 Decrease of plant alpha and beta-diversity with management intensity in vineyards and the influence of landscape context. Ecologia Mediterranea, 40(2): 17-27.Documents numériques
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article (2014)Adobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Genetic differentiation among populations of Sesleria albicans Kit. ex Schultes (Poaceae) from ecologically different habitats in central Europe Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Christoph Reisch ; Peter Poschlod ; R. Wingender Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : 519-527 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Diversité génétique Mots-clés : Sesleri albicans Kit. ex Schultes Résumé : As observed for many other plant species, the populations of Sesleria albicans in Central Europe are located in habitats, which differ to a high degree from each other with regard to ecological factors such as nutrients, light and water as well as in type of land use. The species colonizes limestone cliffs, pavements, screes, grazed and mown grasslands, heaths, fens and open woodlands. In this study, we used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis to investigate the genetic differentiation among 25 populations of S. albicans from six different types of habitat (beech forests, alpine and lowland rocky ridges, lowland screes, fens, calcareous grasslands). With RAPD analysis, 344 fragments could be amplified, of which 95.9% were polymorphic. The level of polymorphism ranged from 29.7 to 56.7% polymorphic bands per population and was correlated with population size. In an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), used to detect variation among individuals within populations, among populations from the same habitat and among different habitats, most of the genetic variation was found within populations (62.06%) and among populations from the same habitat (33.36%). In contrast, only a very low level of differentiation could be observed among different habitats (4.58%). The results of our study give only little evidence for an ecotypic differentiation of Sesleria albicans. This differentiation is principally conceivable, but obviously not related to the investigated RAPD loci. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800350 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148350
in Heredity > 91 (2003) . - 519-527Reisch, Christoph, Poschlod, Peter, Wingender, R. 2003 Genetic differentiation among populations of Sesleria albicans Kit. ex Schultes (Poaceae) from ecologically different habitats in central Europe. Heredity, 91: 519-527.
Titre : Germination traits explain soil seed persistence across species: the case of Mediterranean annual plants in cereal fields Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Arne Saatkamp ; Laurence Affre (1969-) ; Thierry Dutoit (1967-) ; Peter Poschlod Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : 415-426 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole
[CBNPMP-Thématique] Longévité des semences
[CBNPMP-Thématique] Semences
[CBNPMP-Thématique] Techniques de germinationRésumé : Background and Aims. Seed persistence in the soil under field conditions is an important issue for the maintenance of local plant populations and the restoration of plant communities, increasingly so in the light of rapidly changing land use and climate change. Whereas processes important for dispersal in space are well known, knowledge of processes governing dispersal in time is still limited. Data for morphological seed traits such as size have given contradictory results for prediction of soil seed persistence or cover only a few species. There have been few experimental studies on the role of germination traits in determining soil seed persistence, while none has studied their predictive value consistently across species. Delayed germination, as well as light requirements for germination, have been suggested to contribute to the formation of persistent seed banks. Moreover, diurnally fluctuating temperatures can influence the timing of germination and are therefore linked to seed bank persistence. Methods. The role of germination speed measured by T50 (days to germination of 50 % of all germinated seeds), light requirement and reaction to diurnally fluctuating temperatures in determining seed persistence in the soil was evaluated using an experimental comparative data set of 25 annual cereal weed species. Key Results. It is shown that light requirements and slow germination are important features to maintain seeds ungerminated just after entering the soil, and hence influence survival of seeds in the soil. However, the detection of low diurnally fluctuating temperatures enhances soil seed bank persistence by limiting germination. Our data further suggest that the effect of diurnally fluctuating temperatures, as measured on seeds after dispersal and dry storage, is increasingly important to prevent fatal germination after longer burial periods. Conclusions. These results underline the functional role of delayed germination and light for survival of seeds in the soil and hence their importance for shaping the first part of the seed decay curve. Our analyses highlight the detection of diurnally fluctuating temperatures as a third mechanism to achieve higher soil seed persistence after burial which interacts strongly with season. We therefore advocate focusing future research on mechanisms that favour soil seed persistence after longer burial times and moving from studies of morphological features to exploration of germination traits such as reaction to diurnally fluctuating temperatures. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1093/aob/mcq255 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148474
in Annals of Botany > 107 (3) (March 2011) . - 415-426Saatkamp, Arne, Affre, Laurence (1969-), Dutoit, Thierry (1967-), Poschlod, Peter 2011 Germination traits explain soil seed persistence across species: the case of Mediterranean annual plants in cereal fields. Annals of Botany, 107(3): 415-426.Documents numériques
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Titre : Plant traits and population characteristics predict extinctions in a long‑term survey of Mediterranean annual plants Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Arne Saatkamp, Auteur ; Laurence Affre (1969-), Auteur ; Thierry Dutoit (1967-), Auteur ; Peter Poschlod, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : 2527-2540 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Malherbologie
[CBNPMP-Thématique] MessicoleRésumé : Global and local environmental changes lead to frequent plant extinctions many of which occur in man-made habitats such as agricultural fields. Plant traits and site conditions modify risks of extinction, but strength and sense of their effect are not known yet. Here, we present a long-term survey of population sizes for Mediterranean annual plants that we revisited 20 years after their first record to evaluate climate, population size, traits and habitat requirements as drivers of local extinctions. Small populations had an increased probability of extinction in our data-set. Our analyses revealed that seed production and survival of seeds in the soil seed bank decreased extinction rate, whereas plant size increased extinction probability. Mean annual temperature increased extinction rates of annual plants in cereal fields. We discuss these effects as a response to recent and ongoing habitat changes, and discuss how traits may be used to guide conservation practices in the face of local extinctions. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1007/s10531-018-1551-9 / HAL : hal-01915740
Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=144367
in Biodiversity and conservation > 27 (2018) . - 2527-2540Saatkamp, Arne, Affre, Laurence (1969-), Dutoit, Thierry (1967-), Poschlod, Peter 2018 Plant traits and population characteristics predict extinctions in a long‑term survey of Mediterranean annual plants. Biodiversity and conservation, 27: 2527-2540.Documents numériques
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Article (2018)URLPopulation size, plant performance, and genetic variation in the rare plant Arnica montana L. in the Rhön, Germany / Stefanie Kahmen (2000)
Titre : Population size, plant performance, and genetic variation in the rare plant Arnica montana L. in the Rhön, Germany Type de document : Tiré à part de revue Auteurs : Stefanie Kahmen ; Peter Poschlod Année de publication : 2000 Importance : 43-51 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Génétique et écologie (dynamique, démographique, sélection)
[CBNPMP-Thématique] Variabilité en protéines, polymorphisme enzymatique
[CBNPMP-Thématique] Variabilité morphologiqueMots-clés : Arnica montana L. Résumé : Phenotypic and genetic variation of the rare plant species Arnica montana L. were investigated in populations which had been fragmented by afforestation since 1930 in the Rhön, a mountain region in Central Germany. The aim of the study was to analyse whether small populations show less genetic variation and a lower fitness than large populations. Morphological and reproductive traits from eleven Arnica-populations of different size were examined in the field. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduced the nine traits measured to two main components, one of which correlated with phenotypic traits of the maternal plants in the field while the other corresponded to traits associated with offspring production, weight and germinability. The latter component, which we considered to be fitness-related, was significantly positively correlated with population size. We screened four isozymes to study the genetic variation of the populations. The mean number of alleles per locus (A), the mean observed heterozygosity (Ho), and the mean expected heterozygosity (He) were used to measure genetic variation. Population size and genetic variation were not significantly correlated. In addition, there were no significant correlations between the two main components of the PCA and genetic variation when controlling for population size. The results of the study suggest that small populations of plants exhibit a reduced reproductive success which could not be attributed to genetic erosion. It might be attributed to the longevity of the clonal A. montana that the genetic structure of the populations examined has remained unaffected by the habitat fragmentation so far. In addition, gene flow has probably still been taking place between the fragmented populations. Possibly, the reduced reproductive success of plants in the small populations was caused by missing availability of cross-compatible pollen because of a reduced set of S-alleles due to genetic drift. Furthermore, environmental maternal effects may have played an important role in reproduction and germinability. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1078/1439-1791-00007 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=130696 Kahmen, Stefanie, Poschlod, Peter 2000 Population size, plant performance, and genetic variation in the rare plant Arnica montana L. in the Rhön, Germany. Basic and applied ecology, 1 : 43-51.Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 10864 K Tiré à part Centre de documentation Tirés à part Consultable
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