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Biological flora of the British Isles : Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn / Rob H. Marrs in Journal of ecology, 94 (2006) 

Public Citation [article]  inJournal of ecology > 94 (2006) . - 1272-1321 Titre : Biological flora of the British Isles : Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Rob H. Marrs ; Watt Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : 1272-1321 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Grande Bretagne Mots-clés : Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Résumé : 1 This account reviews information on all aspects of the biology of bracken Pteridium (mainly aquilinum ssp. aquilinum) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, reproductive characters, herbivores and disease, history, and conservation. 2 Pteridium is a complex genus comprising a number of species, subspecies and varieties. The treatment here is based on a recent revision that incorporates both morphological and molecular data, and is related to its geographical distribution. 3 Pteridium is thought to be a woodland genus, but it can grow in the open. It is cosmopolitan and occurs on all continents except Antarctica. It responds to human disturbance and is often found in open spaces after forest clearance and cultivation. In some situations it can be a troublesome weed, causing problems for land managers. Moreover, its abundance and distribution in Britain are predicted to increase as a result of global climate change. 4 Pteridium aquilinum ssp. aquilinum, the most common taxon in the British Isles, occurs in many plant communities, and it is apparently limited by frost and waterlogging. Its abundance has probably increased in the relatively recent past as a result of changing land management, and this increase impinges on plant communities with a high conservation interest. The changed land management reflects changing use of agricultural land and also a reduction in the use of Pteridium as a resource. Accordingly, in many places Pteridium is viewed as a weed and management is needed to control it and restore more desirable vegetation. These management techniques are summarized. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2006.01177.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141993 Marrs, Rob H., Watt 2006 Biological flora of the British Isles : Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn. Journal of ecology, 94: 1272-1321.

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Bracken distribution in Great Britain : strategies for its control and the sustainable management of marginal land / Robin J. Pakeman in Annals of Botany, 85 (B) (03/2000) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 85 (B) (03/2000) . - 37-46 Titre : Bracken distribution in Great Britain : strategies for its control and the sustainable management of marginal land Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Robin J. Pakeman ; Mike G. Le Duc ; Rob H. Marrs Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 37-46 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Grande Bretagne [CBNPMP-Thématique] Ptéridophytes, fougères Mots-clés : Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn, 1879 Résumé : Bracken is often perceived as a widespread and increasing land management problem. The pollen record of a wide range of sites in Great Britain suggests that the current abundance of bracken is less than or, at worst, equivalent to maximum historical levels. Recently gathered data also suggest that bracken cover is declining. Results of risk assessments of land use change, and experimental and modelling investigations into the effects of climate change are synthesized. This synthesis suggests that there is the potential for increased bracken dominance in northern Britain, spread into new areas at high altitudes, and possible spread into areas with reduced grazing. However, this must be set against any changes in the extent of other vegetation types at the expense of bracken. There is now a long history of bracken control, both in Great Britain and globally. Conventional methods of control (cutting, asulam application) are well understood, but many control attempts do not result in long-term success, as control is often not followed by aftercare. Bracken control is just one part of the process to ensure a sustainable use of resources and to maintain biodiversity. A coherent strategy for bracken control is put forward, a necessary part of which includes the restoration of vegetation and subsequent land management which takes into account an understanding of bracken ecology. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1006/anbo.1999.1053 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142046 Pakeman, Robin J., Le Duc, Mike G., Marrs, Rob H. 2000 Bracken distribution in Great Britain : strategies for its control and the sustainable management of marginal land. Annals of Botany, 85(B): 37-46.

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Follow-up methods for bracken control following an initial glyphosate application : the use of weed wiping, cutting and reseeding / P Petrov in Annals of Botany, 85 (B) (03/2000) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 85 (B) (03/2000) . - 31-35 Titre : Follow-up methods for bracken control following an initial glyphosate application : the use of weed wiping, cutting and reseeding Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : P Petrov ; Rob H. Marrs Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 31-35 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Bulgarie [CBNPMP-Thématique] Ptéridophytes, fougères Mots-clés : Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn, 1879 Résumé : Between 1990 and 1996 a range of follow-up strategies were applied to a permanent meadow in Bulgaria infested with bracken (Pteridium aquilinum), which was recovering after initial control using glyphosate. The initial glyphosate treatment (4·3 kg ha-1) reduced both the bracken infestation and the underlying weedy vegetation, and facilitated the recovery of pasture species. However, there was rapid bracken recovery within 5 years where no follow-up treatment was applied. Cutting twice yearly slowed recovery, but the most effective treatments were where (1) there had been a single follow-up weed wiping application of glyphosate plus cutting twice yearly, or (2) where Festuca rubra and Vicia cassubica were sown. Reseeding on its own or combined with cutting twice yearly provided good bracken control and a high forage quality over the 5 year period. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1006/anbo.1999.1083 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142045 Petrov, P, Marrs, Rob H. 2000 Follow-up methods for bracken control following an initial glyphosate application : the use of weed wiping, cutting and reseeding. Annals of Botany, 85(B): 31-35.

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The ecology of bracken : its role in succession and implications for control / Rob H. Marrs in Annals of Botany, 85 (B) (03/2000) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 85 (B) (03/2000) . - 3-15 Titre : The ecology of bracken : its role in succession and implications for control Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Rob H. Marrs ; Mike G. Le Duc ; RJ Mitchell ; D Goddard ; S Paterson ; Robin J. Pakeman Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 3-15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Ptéridophytes, fougères Mots-clés : Pteridium aquilinum Résumé : Bracken (Pteridium) holds a pivotal role in succession, usually occurring in sequence between plagio-climax communities such as heathland and woodland. It is at this interface that bracken causes problems for man, as the subseral communities are more valuable for agricultural use and most have a greater conservation value than brackendominated ones (there are a few exceptions). This paper examines the role of bracken in a series of successional trajectories on lowland heaths; there is evidence that bracken occurs in a trajectory towards birch woodland in Dorset. Whether the bracken stage is an intermediate stage towards woodland or acts as a 'mini-climax' in itself remains to be demonstrated. Thereafter, the impact of bracken control on vegetation development is examined from two successional viewpoints, succession reversal towards the early successional communities, and successional accelerations towards woodland. A range of examples is provided from: (1) lowland heaths in England; (2) moorlands in upland Britain where bracken has been treated with asulam; and (3) in North Wales where attempts have been made to restock woodlands. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1006/anbo.1999.1054 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142047 Marrs, Rob H., Le Duc, Mike G., Mitchell, RJ, Goddard, D, Paterson, S, Pakeman, Robin J. 2000 The ecology of bracken : its role in succession and implications for control. Annals of Botany, 85(B): 3-15.

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The variable responses of bracken fronds to control treatments on Great Britain / Mike G. Le Duc in Annals of Botany, 85 (B) (03/2000) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 85 (B) (03/2000) . - 17-29 Titre : The variable responses of bracken fronds to control treatments on Great Britain Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Mike G. Le Duc ; Mike G. Le Duc ; Robin J. Pakeman ; P. D. Putwain ; Rob H. Marrs Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 17-29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Grande Bretagne [CBNPMP-Thématique] Ptéridophytes, fougères Mots-clés : Pteridium aquilinum Résumé : We describe six experiments set up at four regional locations in Great Britain, in 1993 and 1994, to examine the impact of control treatments on bracken and associated vegetation. Present discussion is limited to the effects of treatments on bracken frond variables (density, length and dry mass). These variables would be used by a land manager to judge the extent of infestation and the efficacy of control methods. Results of statistical analyses are reported for the period 1994 to 1998, inclusive. The treatments showed great variability in effectiveness between both sites and years. Great inter-regional differences were seen, but stands at sites within a short distance of each other also varied in their response to treatment. Meso- and micro-climatic differences are suggested as possible causes, together with stand growth phase and genetic effects. The most effective treatments in the short-term were found to be combinations of cutting and herbicide spraying, applied once. Annual cutting usually gave a better result in the longer term. All treatments had greatly improved effects when combined with a follow-up application of herbicide several years after commencement. A number of recommendations are given for management, such as best methods for short- and long-term results. Systematic monitoring is urged as changes in frond density, for example, may reveal the extent of the problem for control at a particular site. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1006/anbo.1999.1052 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142044 Le Duc, Mike G., Le Duc, Mike G., Pakeman, Robin J., Putwain, P. D., Marrs, Rob H. 2000 The variable responses of bracken fronds to control treatments on Great Britain. Annals of Botany, 85(B): 17-29.

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