Portail documentaire

Bracken distribution in Great Britain : strategies for its control and the sustainable management of marginal land / Robin J. Pakeman in Annals of Botany, 85 (B) (03/2000) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 85 (B) (03/2000) . - 37-46 Titre : Bracken distribution in Great Britain : strategies for its control and the sustainable management of marginal land Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Robin J. Pakeman ; Mike G. Le Duc ; Rob H. Marrs Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 37-46 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Grande Bretagne [CBNPMP-Thématique] Ptéridophytes, fougères Mots-clés : Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn, 1879 Résumé : Bracken is often perceived as a widespread and increasing land management problem. The pollen record of a wide range of sites in Great Britain suggests that the current abundance of bracken is less than or, at worst, equivalent to maximum historical levels. Recently gathered data also suggest that bracken cover is declining. Results of risk assessments of land use change, and experimental and modelling investigations into the effects of climate change are synthesized. This synthesis suggests that there is the potential for increased bracken dominance in northern Britain, spread into new areas at high altitudes, and possible spread into areas with reduced grazing. However, this must be set against any changes in the extent of other vegetation types at the expense of bracken. There is now a long history of bracken control, both in Great Britain and globally. Conventional methods of control (cutting, asulam application) are well understood, but many control attempts do not result in long-term success, as control is often not followed by aftercare. Bracken control is just one part of the process to ensure a sustainable use of resources and to maintain biodiversity. A coherent strategy for bracken control is put forward, a necessary part of which includes the restoration of vegetation and subsequent land management which takes into account an understanding of bracken ecology. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1006/anbo.1999.1053 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142046 Pakeman, Robin J., Le Duc, Mike G., Marrs, Rob H. 2000 Bracken distribution in Great Britain : strategies for its control and the sustainable management of marginal land. Annals of Botany, 85(B): 37-46.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2000) URL

Mechanisms and consequences of facilitation in plant communities- Facilitation and sustainable agriculture: a mechanistic approach to reconciling crop production and conservation / Robin W. Brooker in Functional Ecology, 30 (2016) 

Public Citation [article]  inFunctional Ecology > 30 (2016) . - 98-107 Titre : Mechanisms and consequences of facilitation in plant communities- Facilitation and sustainable agriculture: a mechanistic approach to reconciling crop production and conservation Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Robin W. Brooker, Auteur ; Alison J. Karley, Auteur ; Adrian C. Newton, Auteur ; Robin J. Pakeman, Auteur ; Christian Schöb, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : 98-107 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : 1. Food security is currently considered a major global problem. However, increasing intensity of food production in agricultural systems has driven reductions in farmland biodiversity. A major challenge is to enable biodiversity conservation whilst addressing the problem of food security. 2. Here we describe how facilitative plant–plant interactions in crop systems could be used to help strike this balance. An obvious example is that of intercropping systems, where combinations of crop species can – under some circumstances – deliver reduced inputs of agrochemicals (fertilizers, pesticides) per unit yield, with potential knock-on benefits for biodiversity conservation. 3. Other facilitative processes can also play a role in biodiversity conservation. Increased intraspecific crop genetic diversity can help protect crops from pests and diseases. Although overlooked in facilitation research, we argue that the mechanisms operate in a manner which is directly analogous to associational defence against herbivores, a process well recognized in the facilitation literature. As with intercropping, the benefits to nature conservation arise from reduced pesticide use per unit harvested crop. 4. Crops may have facilitative effects on some arable weed species, particularly those that are currently considered rare in intensive farming systems. Work is in its early stages to understand the underlying mechanisms, but it appears that crops might create niche space to which some weed species are adapted. Increasing plant species diversity through niche space creation may then have cascading benefits for other components of farmland biodiversity. 5. Our new understanding of facilitative processes arising from work on crop systems has lessons for the study of facilitative interactions in natural and semi-natural communities. We argue that, although easier to identify and quantify in crop systems, some of these facilitative processes have to date been overlooked in studies of non-crop systems and certainly deserve further consideration. 6. Finally, we discuss what steps may be needed to move from our understanding of the role of facilitation to the development of new agricultural practice. In some cases the challenge may be one of the encouraging uptake of existing practices, and in others more research is needed to understand how new ecological understanding might deliver more sustainable agricultural practice. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2435.12496 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=144406 Brooker, Robin W., Karley, Alison J., Newton, Adrian C., Pakeman, Robin J., Schöb, Christian 2016 Mechanisms and consequences of facilitation in plant communities- Facilitation and sustainable agriculture: a mechanistic approach to reconciling crop production and conservation. Functional Ecology, 30: 98-107.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2016) URL

The ecology of bracken : its role in succession and implications for control / Rob H. Marrs in Annals of Botany, 85 (B) (03/2000) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 85 (B) (03/2000) . - 3-15 Titre : The ecology of bracken : its role in succession and implications for control Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Rob H. Marrs ; Mike G. Le Duc ; RJ Mitchell ; D Goddard ; S Paterson ; Robin J. Pakeman Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 3-15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Ptéridophytes, fougères Mots-clés : Pteridium aquilinum Résumé : Bracken (Pteridium) holds a pivotal role in succession, usually occurring in sequence between plagio-climax communities such as heathland and woodland. It is at this interface that bracken causes problems for man, as the subseral communities are more valuable for agricultural use and most have a greater conservation value than brackendominated ones (there are a few exceptions). This paper examines the role of bracken in a series of successional trajectories on lowland heaths; there is evidence that bracken occurs in a trajectory towards birch woodland in Dorset. Whether the bracken stage is an intermediate stage towards woodland or acts as a 'mini-climax' in itself remains to be demonstrated. Thereafter, the impact of bracken control on vegetation development is examined from two successional viewpoints, succession reversal towards the early successional communities, and successional accelerations towards woodland. A range of examples is provided from: (1) lowland heaths in England; (2) moorlands in upland Britain where bracken has been treated with asulam; and (3) in North Wales where attempts have been made to restock woodlands. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1006/anbo.1999.1054 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142047 Marrs, Rob H., Le Duc, Mike G., Mitchell, RJ, Goddard, D, Paterson, S, Pakeman, Robin J. 2000 The ecology of bracken : its role in succession and implications for control. Annals of Botany, 85(B): 3-15.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2000) URL

The variable responses of bracken fronds to control treatments on Great Britain / Mike G. Le Duc in Annals of Botany, 85 (B) (03/2000) 

Public Citation [article]  inAnnals of Botany > 85 (B) (03/2000) . - 17-29 Titre : The variable responses of bracken fronds to control treatments on Great Britain Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Mike G. Le Duc ; Mike G. Le Duc ; Robin J. Pakeman ; P. D. Putwain ; Rob H. Marrs Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 17-29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Grande Bretagne [CBNPMP-Thématique] Ptéridophytes, fougères Mots-clés : Pteridium aquilinum Résumé : We describe six experiments set up at four regional locations in Great Britain, in 1993 and 1994, to examine the impact of control treatments on bracken and associated vegetation. Present discussion is limited to the effects of treatments on bracken frond variables (density, length and dry mass). These variables would be used by a land manager to judge the extent of infestation and the efficacy of control methods. Results of statistical analyses are reported for the period 1994 to 1998, inclusive. The treatments showed great variability in effectiveness between both sites and years. Great inter-regional differences were seen, but stands at sites within a short distance of each other also varied in their response to treatment. Meso- and micro-climatic differences are suggested as possible causes, together with stand growth phase and genetic effects. The most effective treatments in the short-term were found to be combinations of cutting and herbicide spraying, applied once. Annual cutting usually gave a better result in the longer term. All treatments had greatly improved effects when combined with a follow-up application of herbicide several years after commencement. A number of recommendations are given for management, such as best methods for short- and long-term results. Systematic monitoring is urged as changes in frond density, for example, may reveal the extent of the problem for control at a particular site. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1006/anbo.1999.1052 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142044 Le Duc, Mike G., Le Duc, Mike G., Pakeman, Robin J., Putwain, P. D., Marrs, Rob H. 2000 The variable responses of bracken fronds to control treatments on Great Britain. Annals of Botany, 85(B): 17-29.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2000) URL