Portail documentaire

Evolutionary dynamics of the leaf phenological cycle in an oak metapopulation along an elevation gradient / Cyril Firmat in Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 30 (2017) 

Public Citation [article]  inJournal of Evolutionary Biology > 30 (2017) . - 2116–2131 Titre : Evolutionary dynamics of the leaf phenological cycle in an oak metapopulation along an elevation gradient Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Cyril Firmat ; Sylvain Delzon (1977-) ; Jean-Marc Louvet ; J. Parmentier ; Antoine Kremer (1951-) Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : 2116–2131 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : It has been predicted that environmental changes will radically alter the selective pressures on phenological traits. Long-lived species, such as trees, will be particularly affected, as they may need to undergo major adaptive change over only one or a few generations. The traits describing the annual life cycle of trees are generally highly evolvable, but nothing is known about the strength of their genetic correlations. Tight correlations can impose strong evolutionary constraints, potentially hampering the adaptation of multivariate phenological phenotypes. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary, genetic and environmental components of the timing of leaf unfolding and senescence within an oak metapopulation along an elevation gradient. Population divergence, estimated from in situ and common garden data, was compared to expectations under neutral evolution, based on microsatellite markers. This approach made it possible (1) to evaluate the influence of genetic correlation on multivariate local adaptation to elevation and (2) to identify traits probably exposed to past selective pressures due to the colder climate at high elevation. The genetic correlation was positive but very weak, indicating that genetic constraints did not shape the local adaptation pattern for leaf phenology. Both spring and fall (leaf unfolding and senescence, respectively) phenology timings were involved in local adaptation, but leaf unfolding was probably the trait most exposed to climate change-induced selection. Our data indicated that genetic variation makes a much smaller contribution to adaptation than the considerable plastic variation displayed by a tree during its lifetime. The evolutionary potential of leaf phenology is, therefore, probably not the most critical aspect for short-term population survival in a changing climate. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/jeb.13185 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=143460 Firmat, Cyril, Delzon, Sylvain (1977-), Louvet, Jean-Marc, Parmentier, J., Kremer, Antoine (1951-) 2017 Evolutionary dynamics of the leaf phenological cycle in an oak metapopulation along an elevation gradient. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 30: 2116–2131.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2017) URL

Increasing spring temperatures favor oak seed production in temperate areas / Thomas Caignard in Scientific reports, (17 August 2017) 

Public Citation [article]  inScientific reports > (17 August 2017) . - 1-8 Titre : Increasing spring temperatures favor oak seed production in temperate areas Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Thomas Caignard ; Antoine Kremer (1951-) ; Cyril Firmat ; Manuel Nicolas ; Samuel Venner ; Sylvain Delzon (1977-) Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : 1-8 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Global change, écosystème, évolution [CBNPMP-Thématique] Graines [CBNPMP-Thématique] Reproduction végétative [CBNPMP-Thématique] Système de reproduction Mots-clés : Quercus L., 1753 Résumé : The changes in reproductive phenology (i.e. timing of flowering and fruiting) observed in recent decades demonstrate that tree reproduction has already been altered by climate change. However, understanding the impact of these changes in reproductive success and fitness remains a major challenge for ecologists. We describe here a previously unreported phenomenon: a significant increase in the reproductive effort (seed production) of temperate oaks with increasing spring temperature, observed over the last decade. In contrast, no relationship was found between seed production and precipitation. This sensitivity of seed production to temperature was confirmed by a “space-for-time” substitution based on elevation gradients. Our findings suggest that global warming may enhance oak reproductive effort in temperate ecosystems. Nevertheless, while fitness can be enhanced by higher levels of seed production, it also depends on the frequency and synchronization of mast seeding production, which may also be influenced by climate change. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1038/s41598-017-09172-7 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=143285 Caignard, Thomas, Kremer, Antoine (1951-), Firmat, Cyril, Nicolas, Manuel, Venner, Samuel, Delzon, Sylvain (1977-) 2017 Increasing spring temperatures favor oak seed production in temperate areas. Scientific reports: 1-8.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2017) URL