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New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany / Harald Albrecht (2014) 

Public Citation est un extrait de Tagungsband 26. Deutsche Arbeitsbesprechung über Fragen der Unkrautbiologie und -bekämpfung, 11.-13. März 2014, Braunschweig / Henning Nordmeyer (2014)  Titre : New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany Type de document : Extrait d'ouvrage Auteurs : Harald Albrecht ; Julia W. Prestele ; Sara Altenfelder ; Klaus Wiesinger ; Johannes Kollmann (1963-) Année de publication : 2014 Importance : p. 180-189 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Allemagne [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : Over the past decades, the rapid improvement of agricultural technology has caused a dramatic decrease of rare arable plants. This process has stimulated the development of various concepts to protect these species such as the field margin program or more recently the program ‘100 fields for biodiversity’. For fields with sandy or calcareous soils, management practices to conserve the specific arable flora are well explored. For occasionally wet sites, however, which may also harbour various threatened species, little is known about suitable site conditions and conservation management. Studying seven seasonally flooded field sites close to Parstein (Brandenburg) showed that the flooding regime and particularly the duration of flooding strongly affect the composition of the apparent plant communities. Effects of different arable farming practices on the populations of the two target species Myosurus minimus and Elatine alsinastrum were less pronounced. Another urgent problem of arable plant conservation is that rare species frequently grow at sites where they are threatened by current cultivation. As management is less intense under organic farming, this system could provide suitable conditions for the conservation of threatened species. However, locally extinct species need to be actively reintroduced to overcome dispersal limitations. How these plants can be successfully established in fields under organic farming was studied in a field trial at Gräfelfing (Bavaria). Preliminary results on the winter annuals Legousia speculum-veneris and Consolida regalis indicate that rare arable plants can be successfully introduced to organic fields. Early autumn sowing and a low crop competition provide the most favourable conditions for their establishment. At reduced sowing rates, winter spelt allowed a much better establishment than winter rye. If the idea of transferring rare arable plants to organic farmland establishes in practice, results of this study could substantially contribute to the conservation of rare species in arable landscapes. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.5073/jka.2014.443.021 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148504 Albrecht, Harald, Prestele, Julia W., Altenfelder, Sara, Wiesinger, Klaus, Kollmann, Johannes (1963-) 2014 New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany. In: Tagungsband 26. Deutsche Arbeitsbesprechung über Fragen der Unkrautbiologie und -bekämpfung, 11.-13. März 2014, Braunschweig. Julius Kühn-Institut, Quedlinburg: 180-189.

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Consultable Communication (2014) URL

Reintroduction of rare arable plants by seed transfer. What are the optimal sowing rates? / Marion Lang in Ecology and evolution, 6 (15) (2016) 

Public Citation [article]  inEcology and evolution > 6 (15) (2016) . - 5506-5516 Titre : Reintroduction of rare arable plants by seed transfer. What are the optimal sowing rates? Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Marion Lang ; Julia W. Prestele ; Christina Fischer ; Johannes Kollmann (1963-) ; Harald Albrecht Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : 5506-5516 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : During the past decades, agro-biodiversity has markedly declined and some species are close to extinction in large parts of Europe. Reintroduction of rare arable plant species in suitable habitats could counteract this negative trend. The study investigates optimal sowing rates of three endangered species (Legousia speculum-veneris (L.) Chaix, Consolida regalis Gray, and Lithospermum arvense L.), in terms of establishment success, seed production, and crop yield losses.A field experiment with partial additive design was performed in an organically managed winter rye stand with study species added in ten sowing rates of 5-10,000 seeds m(-2). They were sown as a single species or as a three-species mixture (pure vs. mixed sowing) and with vs. without removal of spontaneous weeds. Winter rye was sown at a fixed rate of 350 grains m(-2). Performance of the study species was assessed as plant establishment and seed production. Crop response was determined as grain yield.Plant numbers and seed production were significantly affected by the sowing rate, but not by sowing type (pure vs. mixed sowing of the three study species), and weed removal. All rare arable plant species established and reproduced at sowing rates >25 seeds m(-2), with best performance of L. speculum-veneris. Negative density effects occurred to some extent for plant establishment and more markedly for seed production.The impact of the three study species on crop yield followed sigmoidal functions. Depending on the species, a yield loss of 10% occurred at >100 seeds m(-2). Synthesis and applications: The study shows that reintroduction of rare arable plants by seed transfer is a suitable method to establish them on extensively managed fields, for example, in organic farms with low nutrient level and without mechanical weed control. Sowing rates of 100 seeds m(-2) for C. regalis and L. arvense, and 50 seeds m(-2) for L. speculum-veneris are recommended, to achieve successful establishment with negligible crop yield losses. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1002/ece3.2303 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148448 Lang, Marion, Prestele, Julia W., Fischer, Christina, Kollmann, Johannes (1963-), Albrecht, Harald 2016 Reintroduction of rare arable plants by seed transfer. What are the optimal sowing rates? Ecology and evolution, 6(15): 5506-5516.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2016) URL