Portail documentaire

Ecology and conservation of lowland farmland birds / Nicholas J. Aebischer ; A.D. Evans ; P.V. Grice ; Juliet A. Vickery ; British Ornithologists' Union (Conférence annuelle; 1999; University of Southampton, Grande Bretagne) (2000)

Public Citation Titre : Ecology and conservation of lowland farmland birds : Proceedings of the 1999 British Ornithologists' Union Spring Conference ... held at the University of Southampton, UK on 27-28 March 1999 Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Nicholas J. Aebischer, Directeur de publication ; A.D. Evans, Directeur de publication ; P.V. Grice, Directeur de publication ; Juliet A. Vickery, Directeur de publication Congrès : British Ornithologists' Union (Conférence annuelle; 1999; University of Southampton, Grande Bretagne), Auteur Editeur : Tring, Herts., UK : British Ornithologists' Union Année de publication : 2000 Importance : 182 p. ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-0-907446-24-8 Langues : Anglais (eng) Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148477 Aebischer, Nicholas J., Evans, A.D., Grice, P.V., Vickery, Juliet A. , 2000. Ecology and conservation of lowland farmland birds : Proceedings of the 1999 British Ornithologists' Union Spring Conference ... held at the University of Southampton, UK on 27-28 March 1999. British Ornithologists' Union, Tring, Herts., UK. 182 pp.

A pour extrait

• Changes in plant and arthropod biodiversity on lowland farmland: an overview / Nicolas W. Sotherton (2000) 

Long-term changes in the flora of the cereal ecosystem on the Sussex Downs, England, focusing on the years 1968–2005 / George Richard Potts in Journal of applied ecology, 47 (1) (February 2010) 

Public Citation [article]  inJournal of applied ecology > 47 (1) (February 2010) . - 215-226 Titre : Long-term changes in the flora of the cereal ecosystem on the Sussex Downs, England, focusing on the years 1968–2005 Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : George Richard Potts (1939-2017) ; Julie Ann Ewald ; Nicholas J. Aebischer Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : 215-226 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Angleterre [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : 1. There has been a surge of interest in the effects of modern agriculture on biodiversity but studies of farmland flora have lacked continuity and historical context. Here we present the results of 38 years of annual monitoring of the weed flora of cereal crops on the Sussex Downs. 2. This study investigates the long-term changes in abundance of 214 weed species, two subspecies and one forma found in the cereal fields of a 62-km² area of the Sussex Downs. Species occurrence and weed abundance were recorded annually in June from 1970 to 2005 inclusive. Stubbles were surveyed in 1968, 1971, 2004 and 2005. 3. Annual archaeophytes and perennial natives predominated and the community belonged to the Papaver rhoeas—Silene noctiflora association (OV16) of the UK National Vegetation Classification. 4. Overall, 97% of fields were treated with herbicides prior to sampling, reducing dicotyledonous weed abundance by 64% and taxon occurrence by 52%. From 1970 to 2005 there was no trend in overall abundance of dicotyledons, although monocotyledons decreased by 13% relative to the early 1970s. 5. Of 66 taxa monitored from 1970 to 2005, 18 increased, 38 rose and fell (or vice versa) and 10 showed no trend. Annuals increased until the early 1980s, when many were not susceptible to herbicides, before levelling off or declining slightly as the efficacy of herbicides expanded. 6. Perennial dicotyledons increased steadily throughout the study. This latter change was due to the loss of traditional leys, not to changes in herbicide efficacy. 7. Ninety-two species of dicotyledons were found on stubbles, with no significant overall change in occurrence from 1968-1971 to 2004-2005. In both stubbles and crops, species uncommon at the start have tended to increase whereas common species have tended to decrease. 8. Combining this study with earlier records, we estimate that 16 weed species have been lost from the study area and 15 gained. Before 1970, the loss rate of archaeophytes and the gain rate of neophytes were both higher than for other species. Most species lost were historically uncommon whereas many of the species gained are now common. 9. Synthesis and applications. The soil seed bank remains sufficient to enable a rapid restoration of the pre-herbicide flora where needed for wildlife conservation purposes, without 'enhancement', i.e. seeding. The means to do this are available through the UK's agri-environment 'in-field measures', but these are very unpopular with farmers. Incentives need to be much improved to ensure the future conservation of the traditional arable flora. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01742.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148468 Potts, George Richard (1939-2017), Ewald, Julie Ann, Aebischer, Nicholas J. 2010 Long-term changes in the flora of the cereal ecosystem on the Sussex Downs, England, focusing on the years 1968–2005. Journal of applied ecology, 47(1): 215-226.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2010) URL

The Potential of Arable Weeds to Reverse Invertebrate Declines and Associated Ecosystem Services in Cereal Crops / Barbara M. Smith in Frontiers in sustainable food systems, 3 (2020) 

Public Citation [article]  inFrontiers in sustainable food systems > 3 (2020) . - 1-13 Titre : The Potential of Arable Weeds to Reverse Invertebrate Declines and Associated Ecosystem Services in Cereal Crops Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Barbara M. Smith, Auteur ; Nicholas J. Aebischer, Auteur ; Julie Ewald, Auteur ; Steve Moreby, Auteur ; Caitlin Potter, Auteur ; John Martin Holland (1963-), Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 1-13 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : There is global concern that invertebrate populations are declining rapidly, particularly in agricultural habitats. Declines have been attributed to the intensification of farming systems, with many studies focussing on a lack of semi-natural habitat in the landscape and the use of insecticides. However, within-field arable weeds are also an important driver of invertebrate abundance and the ecosystem services to which they contribute. This study focuses on the role of arable weeds in supporting invertebrate populations and selected ecosystem services they deliver., using winter wheat as a case study. Weed-invertebrate relationships were investigated across seven studies of winter-sown wheat spanning 18 years. Both phytophagous and predatory invertebrates responded to weed cover but to different degrees. Phytophages showed a stronger positive relationship with weed cover than the predators, because they rely on the resources provided by the weeds whereas predatory species esponse is likely to be mediated by their prey. Farmland bird chick-food indices were positively related to both broadleaf and grass cover in cropped fields, indicating that increased weed cover can provide increased invertebrate food for birds in winter wheat. Despite this potential, there were insufficient invertebrate food resources for birds in the majority of wheat fields sampled. Weed diversity did not play a significant role in moderating the relationships between weeds and invertebrate abundance, however this may be a function of the low weed diversity in modern winter wheat fields. In this study the weed species most frequently shown to predict the invertebrate community were: Poa annua, Stellaria media, Fumaria officinalis, Sinapis arvensis, Senecio vulgaris, Persicaria lapathifolia, Sonchus spp., Matricaria discoidea, Persicaria maculosa, Agrostis spp., Lamium purpureum, Lamium album, Veronica spp., Atriplex spp., Myosotis spp. and Anagallis arvensis. We conclude that even in an intensively grown cereal, arable weeds can play an important role in maintaining and restoring invertebrate populations, that 10% weed cover is needed to fulfill the potential and that a successful outcome will be driven by the presence of weed species that support invertebrates that provide ecosystem services. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00118 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=144422 Smith, Barbara M., Aebischer, Nicholas J., Ewald, Julie, Moreby, Steve, Potter, Caitlin, Holland, John Martin (1963-) 2020 The Potential of Arable Weeds to Reverse Invertebrate Declines and Associated Ecosystem Services in Cereal Crops. Frontiers in sustainable food systems, 3: 1-13.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2020) URL