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Evolution during seed production for ecological restoration ? / Malte Conrady in Journal of applied ecology, 59 (5) (May 2022) 

Public Citation [article]  inJournal of applied ecology > 59 (5) (May 2022) . - 1-11 Titre : Evolution during seed production for ecological restoration ? : A molecular analysis of 19 species finds only minor genomic changes Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Malte Conrady ; Christian Lampei ; Oliver Bossdorf ; Walter Durka ; Anna Bucharova Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : 1-11 Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Graines [CBNPMP-Thématique] Restauration des écosystèmes [CBNPMP-Thématique] Revégétalisation [CBNPMP-Thématique] Diversité génétique Résumé : A growing number of restoration projects require large amounts of seeds. As harvesting natural populations cannot cover the demand, wild plants are often propagated in large-scale monocultures. There are concerns that this cultivation process may cause genetic drift and unintended selection, altering the genetic properties of the cultivated populations and reducing their genetic diversity. Such changes could reduce the pre-existing adaptation of restored populations and limit their adaptability to environmental change. We used single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and a pool-sequencing approach to test for genetic differentiation and changes in gene diversity during cultivation in 19 wild grassland species, comparing source populations and up to four consecutive cultivation generations. We linked the magnitudes of genetic changes to the species' breeding systems and seed dormancy to understand the roles of these traits in genetic change. Cultivation changed the genetic composition across cultivated generations only moderately. The genetic differentiation resulting from cultivation was much lower than the natural genetic differentiation between different source regions. The propagated generations harboured even higher gene diversity than wild-collected seeds. Genetic change was stronger in self-compatible than self-incompatible species, probably due to increased outcrossing in monocultures. Synthesis and applications. Our study suggests that large-scale seed production maintains the genetic integrity of natural populations. Increased genetic diversity may even indicate increased adaptive potential of propagated seeds, which would make them especially suitable for ecological restoration. Yet, it remains to be tested whether these molecular patterns will be mirrored also by plant phenotypes. Further, we used seeds from Germany and Austria, where the seed production is regulated and certified, and we do not know yet whether other seed production systems perform equally well. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2664.14155 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148373 Conrady, Malte, Lampei, Christian, Bossdorf, Oliver, Durka, Walter, Bucharova, Anna 2022 Evolution during seed production for ecological restoration ? : A molecular analysis of 19 species finds only minor genomic changes. Journal of applied ecology, 59(5): 1-11.

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Summer aridity rather than management shapes fitness-related functional traits of the threatened mountain plant Arnica montana / Nils Stanik in Ecology and evolution, 10 (11) (2020) 

Public Citation [article]  inEcology and evolution > 10 (11) (2020) . - 5069-5078 Titre : Summer aridity rather than management shapes fitness-related functional traits of the threatened mountain plant Arnica montana Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Nils Stanik ; Christian Lampei ; Gert Rosenthal Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 5069-5078 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [LOTERRE-Biodiversité] Changement climatique Mots-clés : Arnica montana L., 1753 Résumé : Semi-natural mountain grasslands are increasingly exposed to environmental stress under climate change. However, which are the environmental factors that limit plants in these grasslands? Also, is the present management effective against these changes? Fitness-related functional traits may offer a way to detect changes in performance and provide new insights into their vulnerability to climate change. We investigated changes in performance and variability of functional traits of the mountain grassland target species Arnica montana along a climate gradient in Central German low mountain ranges. This gradient represents at its lower end climate conditions that are expected at its upper end under future climate change. We measured vegetative, generative, and physiological traits to account for multiple ways of plant responses to the environment. Using mixed effects and multivariate models, we evaluated changes in trait values among individuals as well as the variability of their populations in order to assess performance under changing summer aridity and different management regimes. Fitness-related performance of most traits showed strongly positive associations with reduced summer aridity at higher elevations, while only specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content showed no association. This suggests a higher performance level at less arid montane sites and that the physiological traits are less sensitive to this climate change factor. The coefficient of variation of almost all traits declined steadily with decreasing site aridity. We suggest that this reduced variability indicates a lower environmental stress level for A. montana toward its environmental optimum at montane elevations, especially because the trait performance increased simultaneously. Surprisingly, management factors and habitat characteristics had only low influence on both trait performance and variability. In summary, summer aridity had a stronger effect to shape the trait performance and variability of A. montana under increased environmental stress than management and other habitat characteristics. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1002/ece3.6259 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148027 Stanik, Nils, Lampei, Christian, Rosenthal, Gert 2020 Summer aridity rather than management shapes fitness-related functional traits of the threatened mountain plant Arnica montana. Ecology and evolution, 10(11): 5069-5078.

Documents numériques

Consultable Article (2020) URL