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Auteur Helen Metcalfe |
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Affiner la rechercheThe contribution of spatial mass effects to plant diversity in arable fields / Helen Metcalfe in Journal of applied ecology, 56 (2019)
Titre : The contribution of spatial mass effects to plant diversity in arable fields Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Helen Metcalfe ; Kirsty L. Hassall ; Sébastien Boinot ; Jonathan Storkey Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : 1560-1574 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : 1 In arable fields, plant species richness consistently increases at field edges. This potentially makes the field edge an important habitat for the conservation of the ruderal arable flora (or ‘weeds’) and the invertebrates and birds it supports. Increased diversity and abundance of weeds in crop edges could be owing to either a reduction in agricultural inputs towards the field edge and/or spatial mass effects associated with dispersal from the surrounding landscape. 2 We contend that the diversity of weed species in an arable field is a combination of resident species, that can persist under the intense selection pressure of regular cultivation and agrochemical inputs (typically more ruderal species), and transient species that rely on regular dispersal from neighbouring habitats (characterised by a more ‘competitive’ ecological strategy). 3 We analysed a large dataset of conventionally managed arable fields in the UK to study the effect of the immediate landscape on in-field plant diversity and abundance and to quantify the contribution of spatial mass effects to plant diversity in arable fields in the context of the ecological strategy of the resulting community. 4 We demonstrated that the decline in diversity with distance into an arable field is highly dependent on the immediate landscape, indicating the important role of spatial mass effects in explaining the increased species richness at field edges in conventionally managed fields. 5 We observed an increase in the proportion of typical arable weeds away from the field edge towards the centre. This increase was dependent on the immediate landscape and was associated with a higher proportion of more competitive species, with a lower fidelity to arable habitats, at the field edge. 6 Synthesis and applications. Conserving the ruderal arable plant community, and the invertebrates and birds that use it as a resource, in conventionally managed arable fields typically relies on the targeted reduction of fertilisers and herbicides in so-called ‘conservation headlands’. The success of these options will depend on the neighbouring habitat and boundary. They should be placed along margins where the potential for ingress of competitive species, that may become dominant in the absence of herbicides, is limited. This will enhance ecosystem services delivered by the ruderal flora and reduce the risk of competitive species occurring in the crop.
Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2664.13414 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148458
in Journal of applied ecology > 56 (2019) . - 1560-1574Metcalfe, Helen, Hassall, Kirsty L., Boinot, Sébastien, Storkey, Jonathan 2019 The contribution of spatial mass effects to plant diversity in arable fields. Journal of applied ecology, 56: 1560-1574.Documents numériques
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Titre : Two sides of one medal: Arable weed vegetation of Europe in phytosociological data compared to agronomical weed surveys Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Jana Bürger ; Filip Küzmič ; Urban Silc ; Florian Jansen ; Erwin Bergmeier ; Milan Chytrý (1967-) ; Alicia Cirujeda ; Silvia Fogliatto ; Guillaume Fried ; Denise Dostatny ; Bärbel Gerowitt (1958-) ; Michael Glemnitz ; José González‐Andújar ; Eva Hernández Plaza ; Jordi Izquierdo ; Michaela Kolárová ; Zdenka Lososova ; Helen Metcalfe ; Jevgenija Ņečajeva ; Sandrine Petit (1969-) ; Gyula Pinke (1968-) ; Valerijus Rašomavičius ; Christoph Redwitz ; Matthias Schumacher ; Lena Ulber ; Francesco Vidotto Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : e12460 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Géographique] Europe
[CBNPMP-Thématique] MessicoleRésumé : Questions : Two scientific disciplines, vegetation science and weed science, study arable weed vegetation, which has seen a strong diversity decrease in Europe over the last decades. We compared two collections of plot-based vegetation records originating from these two disciplines. The aim was to check the suitability of the collections for joint analysis and for addressing research questions from the opposing domains. We asked: are these collections complementary? If so, how can they be used for joint analysis? Location : Europe. Methods : We compared 13 311 phytosociological relevés and 13 328 records from weed science, concerning both data collection properties and the recorded species richness. To deal with bias in the data, we also analysed different subsets (i.e., crops, geographical regions, organic vs conventional fields, center vs edge plots). Results : Records from vegetation science have an average species number of 19.0 ± 10.4. Metadata on survey methodology or agronomic practices are rare in this collection. Records from weed science have an average species number of 8.5 ± 6.4. They are accompanied by extensive methodological information. Vegetation science records and the weed science records taken at field edges or from organic fields have similar species numbers. The collections cover different parts of Europe but the results are consistent in six geographical subsets and the overall data set. The difference in species numbers may be caused by differences in methodology between the disciplines, i.e., plot positioning within fields, plot sizes, or survey timing. Conclusion : This comparison of arable weed data that were originally sampled with a different purpose represents a new effort in connecting research between vegetation scientists and weed scientists. Both collections show different aspects of weed vegetation, which means the joint use of the data is valuable as it can contribute to a more complete picture of weed species diversity in European arable landscapes.
Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/avsc.12460 / HAL : hal-03637578
Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=149177
in Applied vegetation science > 25 (1) (2022) . - e12460Bürger, Jana, Küzmič, Filip, Silc, Urban, Jansen, Florian, Bergmeier, Erwin, Chytrý, Milan (1967-), Cirujeda, Alicia, Fogliatto, Silvia, Fried, Guillaume, Dostatny, Denise, Gerowitt, Bärbel (1958-), Glemnitz, Michael, González‐Andújar, José, Hernández Plaza, Eva, Izquierdo, Jordi, Kolárová, Michaela, Lososova, Zdenka, Metcalfe, Helen, Ņečajeva, Jevgenija, Petit, Sandrine (1969-), Pinke, Gyula (1968-), Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Redwitz, Christoph, Schumacher, Matthias, Ulber, Lena, Vidotto, Francesco 2022 Two sides of one medal: Arable weed vegetation of Europe in phytosociological data compared to agronomical weed surveys. Applied vegetation science, 25(1): e12460.Documents numériques
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