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Auteur Kenneth M. Olsen |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
Affiner la rechercheGene genealogies and population variation in plants / Barbara A. Schaal in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97 (13) (June 2000)
Titre : Gene genealogies and population variation in plants Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Barbara A. Schaal ; Kenneth M. Olsen Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 235-251 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Génétique et écologie (dynamique, démographique, sélection)
[CBNPMP-Thématique] RevégétalisationRésumé : Early in the development of plant evolutionary biology, genetic drift, fluctuations in population size, and isolation were identified as critical processes that affect the course of evolution in plant species. Attempts to assess these processes in natural populations became possible only with the development of neutral genetic markers in the 1960s. More recently, the application of historically ordered neutral molecular variation (within the conceptual framework of coalescent theory) has allowed a reevaluation of these microevolutionary processes. Gene genealogies trace the evolutionary relationships among haplotypes (alleles) with populations. Processes such as selection, fluctuation in population size, and population substructuring affect the geographical and genealogical relationships among these alleles. Therefore, examination of these genealogical data can provide insights into the evolutionary history of a species. For example, studies of Arabidopsis thaliana have suggested that this species underwent rapid expansion, with populations showing little genetic differentiation. The new discipline of phylogeography examines the distribution of allele genealogies in an explicit geographical context. Phylogeographic studies of plants have documented the recolonization of European tree species from refugia subsequent to Pleistocene glaciation, and such studies have been instructive in understanding the origin and domestication of the crop cassava. Currently, several technical limitations hinder the widespread application of a genealogical approach to plant evolutionary studies. However, as these technical issues are solved, a genealogical approach holds great promise for understanding these previously elusive processes in plant evolution. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1073/pnas.97.13.7024 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=149010
in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America > 97 (13) (June 2000) . - 235-251Schaal, Barbara A., Olsen, Kenneth M. 2000 Gene genealogies and population variation in plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97(13): 235-251.Documents numériques
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Titre : The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Cindy Vigueira ; Kenneth M. Olsen ; Anna L. Caicedo Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : 301-311 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : Weeds are among the greatest pests of agriculture, causing billions of dollars in crop losses each year. As crop field management practices have changed over the past 12 000 years, weeds have adapted in turn to evade human removal. This evolutionary change can be startlingly rapid, making weeds an appealing system to study evolutionary processes that occur over short periods of time. An understanding of how weeds originate and adapt is needed for successful management; however, relatively little emphasis has been placed on genetically characterizing these systems. Here, we review the current literature on agricultural weed origins and their mechanisms of adaptation. Where possible, we have included examples that have been genetically well characterized. Evidence for three possible, non-mutually exclusive weed origins (from wild species, crop-wild hybrids or directly from crops) is discussed with respect to what is known about the microevolutionary signatures that result from these processes. We also discuss what is known about the genetic basis of adaptive traits in weeds and the range of genetic mechanisms that are responsible. With a better understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation in weedy species, we can address the more general process of adaptive evolution and what can be expected as we continue to apply selective pressures in agroecosystems around the world. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1038/hdy.2012.104 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148490
in Heredity > 110 (2013) . - 301-311Vigueira, Cindy, Olsen, Kenneth M., Caicedo, Anna L. 2013 The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution. Heredity, 110: 301-311.Documents numériques
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