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Auteur Nicolas Gross |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (4)
Affiner la rechercheClimate mediates the biodiversity–ecosystem stability relationship globally / Pablo García-Palacios in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115 (33) (2018)
Titre : Climate mediates the biodiversity–ecosystem stability relationship globally Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Pablo García-Palacios ; Nicolas Gross ; Juan Gaitán ; Fernando T. Maestre Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : 8400-8405 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [LOTERRE-Biodiversité] Changement climatique
[CBNPMP-Thématique] Restauration des écosystèmes
[CBNPMP-Thématique] RevégétalisationRésumé : The insurance hypothesis, stating that biodiversity can increase ecosystem stability, has received wide research and political attention. Recent experiments suggest that climate change can impact how plant diversity influences ecosystem stability, but most evidence of the biodiversity–stability relationship obtained to date comes from local studies performed under a limited set of climatic conditions. Here, we investigate how climate mediates the relationships between plant (taxonomical and functional) diversity and ecosystem stability across the globe. To do so, we coupled 14 years of temporal remote sensing measurements of plant biomass with field surveys of diversity in 123 dryland ecosystems from all continents except Antarctica. Across a wide range of climatic and soil conditions, plant species pools, and locations, we were able to explain 73% of variation in ecosystem stability, measured as the ratio of the temporal mean biomass to the SD. The positive role of plant diversity on ecosystem stability was as important as that of climatic and soil factors. However, we also found a strong climate dependency of the biodiversity–ecosystem stability relationship across our global aridity gradient. Our findings suggest that the diversity of leaf traits may drive ecosystem stability at low aridity levels, whereas species richness may have a greater stabilizing role under the most arid conditions evaluated. Our study highlights that to minimize variations in the temporal delivery of ecosystem services related to plant biomass, functional and taxonomic plant diversity should be particularly promoted under low and high aridity conditions, respectively. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1800425115 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148962
in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America > 115 (33) (2018) . - 8400-8405García-Palacios, Pablo, Gross, Nicolas, Gaitán, Juan, Maestre, Fernando T. 2018 Climate mediates the biodiversity–ecosystem stability relationship globally. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(33): 8400-8405.Documents numériques
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Article (2018)URL
Titre : Increasing crop heterogeneity enhances multitrophic diversity across agricultural regions Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Clélia Sirami (1978-) ; Nicolas Gross ; Aliette Bosem Baillod ; Colette Bertrand ; Romain Carrié ; Annika Hass ; Laura Henckel ; Paul Miguet ; Carole Vuillot ; Audrey Alignier ; Jude Girard ; Péter Batáry ; Yann Clough ; Cyrille Violle ; David Giralt ; Gerard Bota ; Isabelle Badenhausser ; Gaëtan Lefebvre ; Bertrand Gauffre ; Aude Vialatte ; François Calatayud ; Assu Gil-Tena ; Lutz Tischendorf ; Scott Mitchell ; Kathryn Lindsay ; Romain Georges ; Samuel Hilaire ; Jordi Recasens i Guinjuan (1957-) ; Xavier Oriol Solé-Senan ; Irene Robleño ; Jordi Bosch ; Jose Antonio Barrientos ; Antonio Ricarte ; Maria Ángeles Marcos-Garcia ; Jesús Miñano ; Raphaël Mathevet ; Annick Gibon ; Jacques Baudry (1952-) ; Gérard Balent (1949-) ; Brigitte Poulin ; Françoise Burel ; Teja Tscharntke (1952-) ; Vincent Bretagnolle ; Gavin Siriwardena ; Annie Ouin ; Lluis Brotons ; Jean-Louis Martin ; Lenore Fahrig Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : 16442-16447 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Agricultural landscape homogenization has detrimental effects on biodiversity and key ecosystem services. Increasing agricultural landscape heterogeneity by increasing seminatural cover can help to mitigate biodiversity loss. However, the amount of seminatural cover is generally low and difficult to increase in many intensively managed agricultural landscapes. We hypothesized that increasing the heterogeneity of the crop mosaic itself (hereafter “crop heterogeneity”) can also have positive effects on biodiversity. In 8 contrasting regions of Europe and North America, we selected 435 landscapes along independent gradients of crop diversity and mean field size. Within each landscape, we selected 3 sampling sites in 1, 2, or 3 crop types. We sampled 7 taxa (plants, bees, butterflies, hoverflies, carabids, spiders, and birds) and calculated a synthetic index of multitrophic diversity at the landscape level. Increasing crop heterogeneity was more beneficial for multitrophic diversity than increasing seminatural cover. For instance, the effect of decreasing mean field size from 5 to 2.8 ha was as strong as the effect of increasing seminatural cover from 0.5 to 11%. Decreasing mean field size benefited multitrophic diversity even in the absence of seminatural vegetation between fields. Increasing the number of crop types sampled had a positive effect on landscape-level multitrophic diversity. However, the effect of increasing crop diversity in the landscape surrounding fields sampled depended on the amount of seminatural cover. Our study provides large-scale, multitrophic, cross-regional evidence that increasing crop heterogeneity can be an effective way to increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes without taking land out of agricultural production. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1906419116 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148939
in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America > 116 (33) (July 2019) . - 16442-16447Sirami, Clélia (1978-), Gross, Nicolas, Bosem Baillod, Aliette, Bertrand, Colette, Carrié, Romain, Hass, Annika, Henckel, Laura, Miguet, Paul, Vuillot, Carole, Alignier, Audrey, Girard, Jude, Batáry, Péter, Clough, Yann, Violle, Cyrille, Giralt, David, Bota, Gerard, Badenhausser, Isabelle, Lefebvre, Gaëtan, Gauffre, Bertrand, Vialatte, Aude, Calatayud, François, Gil-Tena, Assu, Tischendorf, Lutz, Mitchell, Scott, Lindsay, Kathryn, Georges, Romain, Hilaire, Samuel, Recasens i Guinjuan, Jordi (1957-), Solé-Senan, Xavier Oriol, Robleño, Irene, Bosch, Jordi, Barrientos, Jose Antonio, Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-Garcia, Maria Ángeles, Miñano, Jesús, Mathevet, Raphaël, Gibon, Annick, Baudry, Jacques (1952-), Balent, Gérard (1949-), Poulin, Brigitte, Burel, Françoise, Tscharntke, Teja (1952-), Bretagnolle, Vincent, Siriwardena, Gavin, Ouin, Annie, Brotons, Lluis, Martin, Jean-Louis, Fahrig, Lenore 2019 Increasing crop heterogeneity enhances multitrophic diversity across agricultural regions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(33): 16442-16447.Documents numériques
Article (2019)URL
Titre : Plant response traits mediate the effects of subalpine grasslands on soil moisture Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Nicolas Gross ; T. Matthew Robson ; Sandra Lavorel (1965-) ; Cécile Albert (1982-) ; Y. Le Bagousse-Pinguet ; R. Guillemin Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : 652-662 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Revégétalisation Résumé : In subalpine grasslands, changes in abiotic conditions with decreased management intensity alter the functional composition of plant communities, leading to modifications of ecosystem properties. Here, it is hypothesized that the nature of plant feedbacks on soil moisture is determined by the values of key traits at the community level. As community functional parameters of grasslands change along a gradient of land uses, those traits that respond most to differences in abiotic conditions produced by land use changes were identified. A vegetation removal experiment was then conducted to determine how each plant community affected soil moisture. Soil moisture was negatively correlated with community root length and positively correlated with canopy height, whereas average leaf area was associated with productivity. These traits were successfully used to predict the effects on soil moisture of each plant community in the removal experiment. This result was validated using data from an additional set of fields. These findings demonstrate that the modification of soil moisture following land use change in subalpine grasslands can be mediated through those plant functional traits that respond to water availability.
Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02577.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=150720
in New Phytologist > 180 (2008) . - 652-662Gross, Nicolas, Robson, T. Matthew, Lavorel, Sandra (1965-), Albert, Cécile (1982-), Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y., Guillemin, R. 2008 Plant response traits mediate the effects of subalpine grasslands on soil moisture. New Phytologist, 180: 652-662.Documents numériques
Article (2008)URL
Titre : Plant–soil synchrony in nutrient cycles: Learning from ecosystems to design sustainable agrosystems Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Sébastien Fontaine ; Luc Abbadie ; Michaël Aubert ; Sébastien Barot ; Juliette Bloor ; Delphine Derrien ; Olivier Dechenne ; Nicolas Gross ; Ludovic Henneron ; Xavier Le Roux (1967-) ; Nicolas Loeuille ; Jennifer Michel ; Sylvie Recous ; Daniel Wipf ; Gaël Alvarez Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : e17034 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Agroécologie
[CBNPMP-Thématique] Restauration des écosystèmesRésumé : Redesigning agrosystems to include more ecological regulations can help feed a growing human population, preserve soils for future productivity, limit dependency on synthetic fertilizers, and reduce agriculture contribution to global changes such as eutrophication and warming. However, guidelines for redesigning cropping systems from natural systems to make them more sustainable remain limited. Synthetizing the knowledge on biogeochemical cycles in natural ecosystems, we outline four ecological systems that synchronize the supply of soluble nutrients by soil biota with the fluctuating nutrient demand of plants. This synchrony limits deficiencies and excesses of soluble nutrients, which usually penalize both production and regulating services of agrosystems such as nutrient retention and soil carbon storage. In the ecological systems outlined, synchrony emerges from plant–soil and plant–plant interactions, eco-physiological processes, soil physicochemical processes, and the dynamics of various nutrient reservoirs, including soil organic matter, soil minerals, atmosphere, and a common market. We discuss the relative importance of these ecological systems in regulating nutrient cycles depending on the pedoclimatic context and on the functional diversity of plants and microbes. We offer ideas about how these systems could be stimulated within agrosystems to improve their sustainability. A review of the latest advances in agronomy shows that some of the practices suggested to promote synchrony (e.g., reduced tillage, rotation with perennial plant cover, crop diversification) have already been tested and shown to be effective in reducing nutrient losses, fertilizer use, and N2O emissions and/or improving biomass production and soil carbon storage. Our framework also highlights new management strategies and defines the conditions for the success of these nature-based practices allowing for site-specific modifications. This new synthetized knowledge should help practitioners to improve the long-term productivity of agrosystems while reducing the negative impact of agriculture on the environment and the climate. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/gcb.17034 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152220
in Global Change Biology > 30 (1) (2024) . - e17034Fontaine, Sébastien, Abbadie, Luc, Aubert, Michaël, Barot, Sébastien, Bloor, Juliette, Derrien, Delphine, Dechenne, Olivier, Gross, Nicolas, Henneron, Ludovic, Le Roux, Xavier (1967-), Loeuille, Nicolas, Michel, Jennifer, Recous, Sylvie, Wipf, Daniel, Alvarez, Gaël 2024 Plant–soil synchrony in nutrient cycles: Learning from ecosystems to design sustainable agrosystems. Global Change Biology, 30(1): e17034.Documents numériques
Article (2024)URL
