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Auteur Bruce A. Osborne |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (3)
Affiner la rechercheBiological flora of the British isles : Gunnera tinctoria / Margherita Gioria in Journal of ecology, 101 (2013)
Titre : Biological flora of the British isles : Gunnera tinctoria Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Margherita Gioria ; Bruce A. Osborne Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : 243-264 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Mots-clés : Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb Résumé : 1 This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb. (G. chilensis Lam.; G. scabra Ruix & Pav.; G. pilosa Kunth) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation. 2 Gunnera tinctoria is a gynomonoecious, clonal, perennial herb that is naturalized in parts of Britain, becoming invasive in parts of Ireland and, more recently, Scotland. It occurs where winter temperatures are mild, and precipitation and humidity are high. Gunnera tinctoria is native to South America, predominantly in the Andean region of Chile and Colombia, and probably in parts of Argentina, ranging from sea level to c. 2000 m a.s.l. 3 Typical habitats in Britain and Ireland include stream and river banks, lake and pond margins, coastal cliffs, as well as disturbed areas, such as roadsides, quarries and ditches. In its native range it occurs predominantly on the banks of rivers and streams, on coastal cliffs and within canopy gaps or at the margins of temperate-humid rain forests. 4 Gunnera tinctoria occurs on a variety of substrates, mainly on alluvial or colluvial soils derived from volcanic material or on thin gley soils of marine origin. In Ireland, it occurs naturally on soils with a pH ranging from 4.6 to 6.2 and has been cultivated in soils with a pH up to 7. Soil moisture content and soil organic matter vary greatly, although it rarely colonizes highly organic soils such as peat. It is susceptible to even mild water deficits at all stages of development, and its seedlings are also sensitive to waterlogged conditions. 5 Gunnera tinctoria produces large numbers of seeds and also spreads clonally, by a horizontal rhizome system. It is wind pollinated, although insect pollination has been reported in New Zealand. Seeds are likely to be predominantly water and/or bird dispersed. In its invasive range, it can form a large and persistent soil seed bank. Recruitment from seeds seems to be important for its initial establishment, while vegetative propagation is the main means of expansion, leading to dense clonal stands. Long-distance seed dispersal seems to be central to the colonization of new areas, although the transport of vegetative propagules may also be important. 6 Gunnera tinctoria is a strong competitor in its invasive range, particularly in wet, humid environments. Its competitive ability arises from its large stature, the persistence of its seeds and rhizomes and a capacity for fixing nitrogen through a unique intracellular symbiosis with cyanobacteria (Nostoc) that may be particularly important for supporting the rapid growth of established plants early in the spring.
Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2745.12022 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=149351
in Journal of ecology > 101 (2013) . - 243-264Gioria, Margherita, Osborne, Bruce A. 2013 Biological flora of the British isles : Gunnera tinctoria. Journal of ecology, 101: 243-264.Documents numériques
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Article (2013)URLInformation on measures and related costs in relation to species included on the Union list. Gunnera tinctoria / Margherita Gioria (2017)
Titre de série : Information on measures and related costs in relation to species included on the Union list Titre : Gunnera tinctoria : Technical note prepared by IUCN for the European Commission Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Margherita Gioria ; Bruce A. Osborne Editeur : International Union for Conservation of Nature Année de publication : 2017 Importance : 26 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Mots-clés : Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=150034 Gioria, Margherita, Osborne, Bruce A. , 2017. Information on measures and related costs in relation to species included on the Union list. Gunnera tinctoria : Technical note prepared by IUCN for the European Commission. International Union for Conservation of Nature, [S.l.]. 26 pp.Documents numériques
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Note technique (2017)Adobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : The large Gunnera’s (G. tinctoria and G. manicata) in Europe in relation to EU regulation 1143/2014 Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Johannes Leonardus Cornelis Hendrikus van Valkenburg (1964) ; Bruce A. Osborne ; Marcel Westenberg Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : e0284665 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : Incorrect labelling of plants in the horticultural trade and misidentification is widespread. For the inspection services of the EU member states, correct identification of G. tinctoria has become important since the species was added to the List of Union concern in accordance with EU regulation 1143/2014 in August 2017. In the horticultural trade Gunnera plants are generally of modest dimensions and rarely flowering, so that the major distinguishing morphological characters for the identification of the two large species, G. tinctoria and G. manicata, are missing. As G. tinctoria is included in the EU regulation, its trade is prohibited, although the closely related species, G. manicata is not included on the list. Given that it is often difficult to distinguish between these two large herbaceous species using morphological attributes we used standard chloroplast DNA barcode markers, supplemented at a later stage by ITS markers. Plant material of putative G. tinctoria or G. manicata was obtained from the native and introduced range, both from “wild” sources, botanical gardens, and the horticultural trade. In western Europe plants circulating in the horticultural trade turned out to be predominantly G. tinctoria, with only one plant in cultivation identified as true G. manicata and the G. manicata found in botanical gardens was a hybrid recently described as G. x cryptica. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0284665 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151697
in PloS ONE > 18 (4) (2023) . - e0284665Valkenburg, Johannes Leonardus Cornelis Hendrikus van (1964), Osborne, Bruce A., Westenberg, Marcel 2023 The large Gunnera’s (G. tinctoria and G. manicata) in Europe in relation to EU regulation 1143/2014. PloS ONE, 18(4): e0284665.Documents numériques
Article (2023)URL
