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Nectar accessibility determines fitness, flower choice and abundance of hoverflies that provide natural pest control / Paul C. J. van Rijn in Journal of applied ecology, 53 (2016) 

Public Citation [article]  inJournal of applied ecology > 53 (2016) . - 925-933 Titre : Nectar accessibility determines fitness, flower choice and abundance of hoverflies that provide natural pest control Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Paul C. J. van Rijn ; Félix Wäckers Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : 925-933 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [LOTERRE-Biodiversité] Pollinisateur Résumé : In modern agricultural landscapes, many organisms providing ecosystem services such as pollination and natural pest control are likely constrained by shortage of nectar and/or pollen required for adult nutrition. More and more flower-rich field margin strips and other habitats are created to eliminate these constraints. For most target organisms, however, it is not well known which (types of) flowers are effective in providing suitable pollen and nectar. We studied the suitability of a wide range of flowers as a food source for zoophagous hoverflies (hoverflies with predatory larvae) at five different levels: nectar accessibility (based on flower morphology), realized adult fitness, flower choice (both based on cage experiments), flower visitation and hoverfly abundance in mixed vegetation (both based on field observations). Realized survival of Episyrphus balteatus is related to effective flower depth by a sigmoid function. The critical flower depth is 1·6 mm, which is less than the proboscis size of the hoverfly. For Asteraceae, the critical floret depth is even less than 1·0 mm, which – in contrast to common knowledge – rules out most species within this family. Both flower choice in the laboratory and flower visitation rates in the field are well correlated with nectar accessibility and realized adult survival. In mixed floral vegetation, the number of zoophagous hoverflies is highly correlated with the abundance of only those flowers that have accessible nectar for these hoverflies. Synthesis and applications. This comparative study demonstrates that nectar (and not pollen) accessibility is the main driver determining flower resource suitability, flower choice and abundance of zoophagous hoverflies in arable field margins. The study identifies the limited range of plant species that can effectively support these beneficial insects. Preserving the right flowers in and around agricultural fields could enhance local populations and the pest control and pollination services they provide. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/1365-2664.12605 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=150748 Rijn, Paul C. J. van, Wäckers, Félix 2016 Nectar accessibility determines fitness, flower choice and abundance of hoverflies that provide natural pest control. Journal of applied ecology, 53: 925-933.

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The significance of floral resources for natural control of aphids / L. A. Langoya in Proceedings of the Netherlands Entomological Society Meeting, 19 (2008) 

Public Citation [article]  inProceedings of the Netherlands Entomological Society Meeting > 19 (2008) . - 67-74 Titre : The significance of floral resources for natural control of aphids Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : L. A. Langoya ; Paul C. J. van Rijn Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : 67-74 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [LOTERRE-Biodiversité] Pollinisateur [CBNPMP-Thématique] Messicole Résumé : The main objective of the Functional Agro-Biodiversity project in the 'Hoeksche Waard' is the creation of favourable conditions both at the farm and landscape level for promoting bio-diversity and the role of natural enemies of pests. Aphids constitute one of the major crop pests in Dutch arable and vegetable farming. The common syrphid, Episyrphus balteatus, is one of the important predators of this polyphagous pest complex. Since only its predatory larval stage subsists on aphids, while the adult live primarily on nectar and pollen, agro-biodiversity enhancement in the form of field margin plants can be particularly essential for syrphid survival and reproduction and for sustaining a viable natural enemy population. Field and laboratory investigations show that selected plant species strongly differ in their suitability as food sources for the syrphid E. balteatus, even within specific families. Aphid honeydew is an important supplementary food source. E. balteatus can, on the basis of our analyses, be regarded as an effective predator of aphids. Lien pérenne : Handle : 11245/1.298409 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151001 Langoya, L. A., Rijn, Paul C. J. van 2008 The significance of floral resources for natural control of aphids. Proceedings of the Netherlands Entomological Society Meeting, 19: 67-74.

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Consultable Article (2008) URL

The suitability of field margin flowers as food source for zoophagous hoverflies / Paul C. J. van Rijn in Landscape management for functional biodiversity, 56 (2010) 

Public Citation [article]  inLandscape management for functional biodiversity > 56 (2010) . - 125-128 Titre : The suitability of field margin flowers as food source for zoophagous hoverflies Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Paul C. J. van Rijn ; Félix Wäckers Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : 125-128 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Conservation et gestion des espèces Résumé : Hoverflies with zoophagous larvae are among the most common natural enemies of pests in Dutch arable fields. Their effectiveness is partly limited by the availability of nectar and pollen for the adults. In this study we examined the suitability of flowers of ca. 30 plant species as food source for the common Episyrphus balteatus, both with choice tests and with non-choice survival tests. Many common field margin flowers appear to be unsuitable, as they do not allow the hoverflies to survive up to their reproductive age. The results can well be explained by flower morphology: only flowers with nectar available at a depth of less than 2 mm are suitable. Choice tests indicate that the hoverflies mainly select flowers with accessible nectar. Moreover, field studies showed that field margins with a higher proportion of flowers with accessible nectar attract higher numbers of zoophagous hoverflies. These results stress the importance of laboratory bioassays for selecting the right plants for functional field margins. Lien pérenne : Handle : 11245/1.333932 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=150763 Rijn, Paul C. J. van, Wäckers, Félix 2010 The suitability of field margin flowers as food source for zoophagous hoverflies. Landscape management for functional biodiversity, 56: 125-128.

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Consultable Article (2010) URL