88 (2) - 2001 Catalogue en ligne

88 (2) - 2001 (American Journal of Botany)

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Titre :	88 (2) - 2001
Type de document :	Imprimé
Permalink :	https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=bulletin_display&id=18459

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Molecular markers reveal little genetic differentiation among Aconitum noveboracense and A. colombianum (Ranunculaceae) populations / Christopher T. Cole (2001)

est un tiré à part de 88 (2) - 2001 (American Journal of Botany)

Titre :	Molecular markers reveal little genetic differentiation among Aconitum noveboracense and A. colombianum (Ranunculaceae) populations
Type de document :	Tiré à part de revue
Auteurs :	Christopher T. Cole ; Margaret A. Kuchenreuther
Année de publication :	2001
Importance :	337-347
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Catégories :	[CBNPMP-Thématique] Distribution de la diversité génétique [CBNPMP-Thématique] Variabilité, analyse de l'ADN, polymorphisme
Mots-clés :	Aconitum noveboracense Aconitum columbianum Aconitum reclinatum
Résumé :	Aconitum noveboracense, a rare, herbaceous perennial, is restricted to recently unglaciated areas in Iowa, Wisconsin, Ohio, and New York, and federally classified as a threatened species. These populations may be disjuncts of the common congener, A. columbianum Nutt., which occurs in the mountains of the western United States. Morphological characters do not reliably separate these taxa. The identity of Black Hills populations, located between the ranges of the rare and common species, is also uncertain. We characterized genetic variation within and among the Aconitum populations in question using isozymes and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs). Isozymes indicate a high degree of similarity among all populations and a high level of genetic diversity in Black Hills populations. Of 97 scorable RAPD loci, 89.7% are polymorphic and clearly resolve most populations. Like isozymes, RAPDs indicate high levels of genetic diversity in the Black Hills and very strong similarity of these populations to A. columbianum from the Bighorn Mountains. Aconitum noveboracense populations show >80% similarity to A. columbianum populations. A population of A. uncinatum from Ohio shows the greatest differentiation from other populations. Therefore, both isozyme and RAPD data concur with the recent treatment of A. noveboracense and A. columbianum as a single species.
Lien pérenne :	DOI : 10.2307/2657023
Permalink :	https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=130767

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Nonlocal transplantation and outbreeding depression in the subshrub Lotus scoparius (Fabaceae) / Arlee M. Montalvo (2001)

est un tiré à part de 88 (2) - 2001 (American Journal of Botany)

Titre :	Nonlocal transplantation and outbreeding depression in the subshrub Lotus scoparius (Fabaceae)
Type de document :	Tiré à part de revue
Auteurs :	Arlee M. Montalvo ; Norman Carl Ellstrand (1952-)
Année de publication :	2001
Importance :	258-269
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Catégories :	[CBNPMP-Thématique] Revégétalisation
Mots-clés :	Lotus scoparius
Résumé :	The genetic background of transplants used to create or augment wild populations may affect the long-term success of restored populations. If seed sources are from differently adapted populations, then the relative performance of progeny from crosses among populations may decrease with an increase in genetic differences of parents and in the differences of parental environments to the transplant location. We evaluated the potential for such outbreeding depression by hybridizing individuals from six different populations of Lotus scoparius var. scoparius and L. s. var. brevialatus. We used allozyme data to calculate genetic distances between source populations, and compiled climatic data and measured soil traits to estimate environmental distances between source populations. We found significant outbreeding depression following controlled crosses. In the greenhouse, the success of crosses (seeds/flower × seedlings/seed) decreased with increasing genetic distance between populations revealing genetically based outbreeding depression unrelated to local adaptation. After outplanting to one native site (in situ common garden), field cumulative fitness of progeny (survival × fruit production) decreased significantly with mean environmental distance of the parental populations to the transplant site, but not with genetic distance between the crossed populations. This result is consistent with a disruption of local adaptation. At the second, ecologically contrasting common garden, where low survival reduced statistical power, field cumulative fitness (survival × progeny height) did not decrease significantly with either environmental distance or genetic distance. Overall, intervariety crosses were 40 and 50% as fit (seeds/flower × seedlings/seed × survival × fruits at the first garden or × height at the second) as intravariety crosses. These results suggest that the cumulative outbreeding depression was caused by a combination of genetically based ecological differences among populations and other genomic coadaptation. We conclude that mixing genetically differentiated seed sources of Lotus scoparius may significantly lower the fitness of augmented or restored populations. Genetic and environmental similarities of source populations relative to the transplant site should be considered when choosing source materials, a practice recommended by recent seed transfer policies. Geographic separation was not a good surrogate for either of these measures.
Lien pérenne :	DOI : 10.2307/2657017
Permalink :	https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=131663

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15217B	JC	Tiré à part	Bureaux	Conservation	Consultable

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