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Auteur Petr Pyšek |
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European map of alien plant invasions based on the quantitative assessment across habitats / Milan Chytrý in Diversity and Distributions, 15 (2009)
[article]
Titre : European map of alien plant invasions based on the quantitative assessment across habitats Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Milan Chytrý (1967-) ; Petr Pyšek ; Jan Wild ; Joan Pino ; Lindsay Maskell ; Montserrat Vilà Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : 98–107 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thèmes] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : Aim Recent studies using vegetation plots have demonstrated that habitat type is a good predictor of the level of plant invasion, expressed as the proportion of alien to all species. At local scale, habitat types explain the level of invasion much better than alien propagule pressure. Moreover, it has been shown that patterns of habitat invasion are consistent among European regions with contrasting climates, biogeography, history and socioeconomic background. Here we use these findings as a basis for mapping the level of plant invasion in Europe.
Location European Union and some adjacent countries.
Methods We used 52,480 vegetation plots from Catalonia (NE Spain), Czech Republic and Great Britain to quantify the levels of invasion by neophytes (alien plant species introduced after ad 1500) in 33 habitat types. Then we estimated the proportion of each of these habitat types in CORINE land-cover classes and calculated the level of invasion for each class. We projected the levels of invasion on the CORINE land-cover map of Europe, extrapolating Catalonian data to the Mediterranean bioregion, Czech data to the Continental bioregion, British data to the British Isles and combined Czech–British data to the Atlantic and Boreal bioregions.
Results The highest levels of invasion were predicted for agricultural, urban and industrial land-cover classes, low levels for natural and semi-natural grasslands and most woodlands, and the lowest levels for sclerophyllous vegetation, heathlands and peatlands. The resulting map of the level of invasion reflected the distribution of these land-cover classes across Europe.
Main conclusions High level of invasion is predicted in lowland areas of the temperate zone of western and central Europe and low level in the boreal zone and mountain regions across the continent. Low level of invasion is also predicted in the Mediterranean region except its coastline, river corridors and areas with irrigated agricultural land.Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00515.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142745
in Diversity and Distributions > 15 (2009) . - 98–107Chytrý, M., Pyšek, P., Wild, J., Pino, J., Maskell, L., Vilà, M. 2009. European map of alien plant invasions based on the quantitative assessment across habitats. Diversity and Distributions, 15: 98–107.Documents numériques
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Article (2009)URL Flowering phenology and reproductive effort of the invasive alien plant Heracleum mantegazzianum / Irena Perglova in Preslia, 78 (2006)
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Titre : Flowering phenology and reproductive effort of the invasive alien plant Heracleum mantegazzianum Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Irena Perglova ; Jan Pergl (1977-) ; Petr Pyšek Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : 265-285 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thèmes] Biologie de la reproduction
[CBNPMP-Thèmes] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantesMots-clés : Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier Résumé : Heracleum mantegazzianum is one of the most invasive species in the Czech flora. The present study describes its flowering phenology and assess the effectiveness of protandry in preventing selfing in this self-compatible species, describes the timing of flowering in a heavily invaded area of Slavkovský les (Czech Republic) and estimates fruit set in a large sample of plants, which provides reliable data on the often exaggerated fecundity of this species. The study of flowering phenology revealed that protandry is always effective only within individual flowers, where male and female flowering phases are completely separated. In contrast, anther dehiscence in some flowers can occasionally overlap with stigma receptivity in other flowers in the same umbel, providing an opportunity for geitonogamous (i.e. between-flower) selfing. Nevertheless, the potential for selfing in H. mantegazzianum is determined mainly by an overlap in the male and female flowering phases between umbels on the same plant; at least a short overlap between some umbels was observed in 99% of the plants at the Slavkovský les. Although the degree of protandry in H. mantegazzianum favours outcrossing, the opportunity to self may be of crucial importance for an invasive plant, especially if a single plant colonizes a new location. At Slavkovský les, flowering started within one week (from 20 to 27 June 2002) at all 10 sites. The duration of flowering of an individual plantwas on average 36 days,with maximum of 60 days, and increased significantly with the number of umbels on a plant. In the second half of August, the majority of the fruits were ripe and had started to be shed. The beginning of flowering of a plant was significantly negatively correlated with the number of umbels it had – the earlier a plant started to flower the more umbels it had produced. A significant negative relationship was also found between basal diameter and beginning of flowering; plants with large basal diameters started to flower earlier. An average plant at Slavkovský les produced 20,671 fruits. Of these, 44.6% were produced by the terminal umbel, 29.3% by secondary umbels on satellites, 22.6% by secondary umbels on branches and only 3.5% by tertiary umbels. The estimated fruit number of the most fecund plant was 46,470 – compared to an average plant, the proportional contribution of tertiary umbels increased relative to the primary umbel. This study revealed a significant positive relationship between fecundity and plant basal diameter. Although the results of this study indicate that the fecundity of this species is often overestimated in the literature, the number of fruits produced by H. mantegazzianum provides this invasive species with an enormous reproductive capacity. Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142552
in Preslia > 78 (2006) . - 265-285Perglova, I., Pergl, J., Pyšek, P. 2006. Flowering phenology and reproductive effort of the invasive alien plant Heracleum mantegazzianum. Preslia, 78: 265-285.Documents numériques
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Article (2006)Adobe Acrobat PDF A global assessment of invasive plant impacts on resident species, communities and ecosystems : the interaction of impact measures, invading species traits and environment / Petr Pyšek in Global Change Biology, 18 (2012)
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Titre : A global assessment of invasive plant impacts on resident species, communities and ecosystems : the interaction of impact measures, invading species traits and environment Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Petr Pyšek ; Vojtěch Jarošík (1958-2013) ; Philip Eric Hulme ; Jan Pergl (1977-) ; Martin Hejda ; Urs Schaffner ; Montserrat Vilà Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : 1725-1737 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thèmes] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : With the growing body of literature assessing the impact of invasive alien plants on resident species and ecosystems, a comprehensive assessment of the relationship between invasive species traits and environmental settings of invasion on the characteristics of impacts is needed. Based on 287 publications with 1551 individual cases that addressed the impact of 167 invasive plant species belonging to 49 families, we present the first global overview of frequencies of significant and non-significant ecological impacts and their directions on 15 outcomes related to the responses of resident populations, species, communities and ecosystems. Species and community outcomes tend to decline following invasions, especially those for plants, but the abundance and richness of the soil biota, as well as concentrations of soil nutrients and water, more often increase than decrease following invasion. Data mining tools revealed that invasive plants exert consistent significant impacts on some outcomes (survival of resident biota, activity of resident animals, resident community productivity, mineral and nutrient content in plant tissues, and fire frequency and intensity), whereas for outcomes at the community level, such as species richness, diversity and soil resources, the significance of impacts is determined by interactions between species traits and the biome invaded. The latter outcomes are most likely to be impacted by annual grasses, and by wind pollinated trees invading mediterranean or tropical biomes. One of the clearest signals in this analysis is that invasive plants are far more likely to cause significant impacts on resident plant and animal richness on islands rather than mainland. This study shows that there is no universal measure of impact and the pattern observed depends on the ecological measure examined. Although impact is strongly context dependent, some species traits, especially life form, stature and pollination syndrome, may provide a means to predict impact, regardless of the particular habitat and geographical region invaded Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02636.x Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142775
in Global Change Biology > 18 (2012) . - 1725-1737Pyšek, P., Jarošík, V., Hulme, P.E., Pergl, J., Hejda, M., Schaffner, U., Vilà, M. 2012. A global assessment of invasive plant impacts on resident species, communities and ecosystems : the interaction of impact measures, invading species traits and environment. Global Change Biology, 18: 1725-1737.Documents numériques
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Article (2012)URL Global guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees to prevent tree invasions and mitigate their negative impacts / Giuseppe Brundu in Neobiota, 61 (2020)
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Titre : Global guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees to prevent tree invasions and mitigate their negative impacts Type de document : Électronique Auteurs : Giuseppe Brundu ; Aníbal Pauchard ; Petr Pyšek ; Jan Pergl (1977-) ; Anja M. Bindewald ; Antonio Brunori ; Susan Canavan ; Thomas Campagnaro ; Laura Celesti-Grapow ; Michele de Sá Dechoum ; Jean-Marc Dufour-Dror ; Franz Essl (1973-) ; Luke S. Flory ; Piero Genovesi (1960-) ; Francesco Guarino ; Liu Guangzhe ; Philip Eric Hulme ; Heinke Jäger ; Christopher J. Kettle ; Frank Krumm ; Bárbara Langdon ; Katharina Lapin ; Vanessa Lozano ; Johannes J. Le Roux ; Ana Novoa ; Martin A. Nuñez ; Annabel J. Porté ; Joaquim S. Silva ; Urs Schaffner ; Tommaso Sitzia ; Rob Tanner ; Ntakadzeni Tshidada ; Michaela Vítková ; Marjana Westergren ; John R.U. Wilson ; David Mark Richardson (1958-) Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 65-116 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thèmes] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : Sustainably managed non-native trees deliver economic and societal benefits with limited risk of spread to adjoining areas. However, some plantations have launched invasions that cause substantial damage to biodiversity and ecosystem services, while others pose substantial threats of causing such impacts. The challenge is to maximise the benefits of non-native trees, while minimising negative impacts and preserving future benefits and options. A workshop was held in 2019 to develop global guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees, using the Council of Europe – Bern Convention Code of Conduct on Invasive Alien Trees as a starting point. The global guidelines consist of eight recommendations: 1) Use native trees, or non-invasive nonnative trees, in preference to invasive non-native trees; 2) Be aware of and comply with international, national, and regional regulations concerning non-native trees; 3) Be aware of the risk of invasion and consider global change trends; 4) Design and adopt tailored practices for plantation site selection and silvicultural management; 5) Promote and implement early detection and rapid response programmes; 6) Design and adopt tailored practices for invasive non-native tree control, habitat restoration, and for dealing with highly modified ecosystems; 7) Engage with stakeholders on the risks posed by invasive nonnative trees, the impacts caused, and the options for management; and 8) Develop and support global networks, collaborative research, and information sharing on native and non-native trees. The global guidelines are a first step towards building global consensus on the precautions that should be taken when introducing and planting non-native trees. They are voluntary and are intended to complement statutory requirements under international and national legislation. The application of the global guidelines and the achievement of their goals will help to conserve forest biodiversity, ensure sustainable forestry, and contribute to the achievement of several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations linked with forest biodiversity. Lien pérenne : HAL : hal-03162697 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147721
in Neobiota > 61 (2020) . - 65-116Brundu, G., Pauchard, A., Pyšek, P., Pergl, J., Bindewald, AM., Brunori, A., Canavan, S., Campagnaro, T., Celesti-Grapow, L., Sá Dechoum, M.d., Dufour-Dror, J.M., Essl, F., Flory, LS., Genovesi, P., Guarino, F., Guangzhe, L., Hulme, P.E., Jäger, H., Kettle, CJ., Krumm, F., Langdon, B., Lapin, K., Lozano, V., Le Roux, JJ., Novoa, A., Nuñez, MA., Porté, AJ., Silva, JS., Schaffner, U., Sitzia, T., Tanner, R., Tshidada, N., Vítková, M., Westergren, M., Wilson, JRU., Richardson, D.M. 2020. Global guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees to prevent tree invasions and mitigate their negative impacts. Neobiota, 61: 65-116.Documents numériques
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Article (2020)URL Glossary of the main technical terms used in the handbook / Petr Pyšek (2009)
Titre : Glossary of the main technical terms used in the handbook Type de document : Tiré à part d'ouvrage Auteurs : Petr Pyšek ; Philip Eric Hulme ; Wolfgang Nentwig (1953-) Année de publication : 2009 Importance : 375-379 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thèmes] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : Throughout the Handbook a variety of terms have been used to describe the origin and status of alien species, their residency, the invasibility of ecosystems and the pathways of introduction. We have attempted to use these terms consistently in the Handbook and provide a glossary of definitions. The meaning of these technical terms is based on previously published terminology and reflects how particular categories were understood during the production of the Handbook. It should be made clear that we do not propose a new set of definitions; rather we hope to achieve a broad consensus among different subdisciplines of invasion biologists. Further details of terminology, including additional terms, can be found in the reference list at the end of the glossary. Lien pérenne : DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4020-8280-1_14 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85733 Pyšek, P., Hulme, P.E., Nentwig, W. 2009. Glossary of the main technical terms used in the handbook. In: Handbook of alien species in Europe. Springer, [S.l.]: 375-379.Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23991C PEE Extrait Bureaux PEE Consultable Grasping at the routes of biological invasions : a framework for integrating pathways into policy / Philip Eric Hulme in Journal of applied ecology, 45 ([01/01/2008])
PermalinkHow well do we understand the impacts of alien species on ecosystem services ? A pan-European, cross-taxa assessment / Montserrat Vilà (2009)
PermalinkHow well do we understand the impacts of alien species on ecosystem services? A pan-European, cross-taxa assessment / Montserrat Vilà in Frontiers in ecology and the environment, 8 (3) (2010)
PermalinkPermalinkInvasions by alien plants in the Czech Republic : a quantitative assessment across habitats / Milan Chytrý in Preslia, 77 (2005)
PermalinkInvasive species of Heracleum in Europe : an insight into genetic relationships and invasion history / Sarka Jahodova in Diversity and Distributions, 13 (2007)
PermalinkMaps of the level of invasion of the Czech Republic by alien plants / Milan Chytrý in Preslia, 81 (2009)
PermalinkNaturalization and invasion of alien plants : concepts and definitions / David Mark Richardson (2000)
PermalinkNaturalized alien flora of the world: species diversity, taxonomic and phylogenetic patterns, geographic distribution and global hotspots of plant invasion / Petr Pyšek in Preslia, 89 (2017)
PermalinkNaturalized plants have smaller genomes than their non-invading relatives: a flow cytometric analysis of the Czech alien flora / M Kubešová in Preslia, 82 (2010)
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