Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Petr Pyšek |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (52)
Affiner la recherche13. Plant invasions and invasibility of plant communities / Marcel Rejmánek (2004)
Titre : 13. Plant invasions and invasibility of plant communities Type de document : Extrait d'ouvrage Auteurs : Marcel Rejmánek (1946-) ; David Mark Richardson (1958-) ; Petr Pyšek Année de publication : 2004 Importance : 332-355 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85735 Rejmánek, Marcel (1946-), Richardson, David Mark (1958-), Pyšek, Petr 2004 13. Plant invasions and invasibility of plant communities. In: . : 332-355.Alien flora of Europe : species diversity, temporal trends, geographical patterns and research needs / Philip W. Lambdon (2008)
Titre : Alien flora of Europe : species diversity, temporal trends, geographical patterns and research needs Type de document : Tiré à part de revue Auteurs : Philip W. Lambdon ; Petr Pyšek ; Corina Basnou ; Martin Hejda ; Margarita Arianoutsou ; Franz Essl (1973-) ; Vojtěch Jarošík (1958-2013) ; Jan Pergl (1977-) ; Marten Winter ; Paulina Anastasiu ; Pavlos Andriopoulos ; Ioannis Bazos ; Giuseppe Brundu ; Laura Celesti-Grapow ; Philippe Chassot ; Pinelopi Delipetrou ; Mélanie Josefsson ; Salit Kark ; Stefan Klotz ; Yannis Kokkoris ; Ingolf Kühn ; Andreas Zikos ; David Roy ; Philip Eric Hulme Année de publication : 2008 Importance : 101–149 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : The paper provides the first estimate of the composition and structure of alien plants occurring in the wild in the European continent, based on the results of the DAISIE project (2004–2008), funded by the 6th Framework Programme of the European Union and aimed at “creating an inventory of invasive species that threaten European terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments”. The plant section of the DAISIE database is based on national checklists from 48 European countries/regions and Israel; for many of them the data were compiled during the project and for some countries DAISIE collected the first comprehensive checklists of alien species, based on primary data (e.g., Cyprus, Greece, F. Y. R. O. Macedonia, Slovenia, Ukraine). In total, the database contains records of 5789 alien plant species in Europe (including those native to a part of Europe but alien to another part), of which 2843 are alien to Europe (of extra-European origin). The research focus was on naturalized species; there are in total 3749 naturalized aliens in Europe, of which 1780 are alien to Europe. This represents a marked increase compared to 1568 alien species reported by a previous analysis of data in Flora Europaea (1964–1980). Casual aliens were marginally considered and are represented by 1507 species with European origins and 872 species whose native range falls outside Europe. The highest diversity of alien species is concentrated in industrialized countries with a tradition of good botanical recording or intensive recent research. The highest number of all alien species, regardless of status, is reported from Belgium (1969), the United Kingdom (1779) and Czech Republic (1378). The United Kingdom (857), Germany (450), Belgium (447) and Italy (440) are countries with the most naturalized neophytes. The number of naturalized neophytes in European countries is determined mainly by the interaction of temperature and precipitation; it increases with increasing precipitation but only in climatically warm and moderatelywarm regions. Of the nowadays naturalized neophytes alien to Europe, 50% arrived after 1899, 25% after 1962 and 10% after 1989. At present, approximately 6.2 new species, that are capable of naturalization, are arriving each year. Most alien species have relatively restricted European distributions; half of all naturalized species occur in four or fewer countries/regions, whereas 70% of non-naturalized species occur in only one region. Alien species are drawn from 213 families, dominated by large global plant families which have a weedy tendency and have undergone major radiations in temperate regions (Asteraceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Brassicaceae). There are 1567 genera, which have alien members in European countries, the commonest being globally-diverse genera comprising mainly urban and agricultural weeds (e.g., Amaranthus, Chenopodium and Solanum) or cultivated for ornamental purposes (Cotoneaster, the genus richest in alien species). Only a few large genera which have successfully invaded (e.g., Oenothera, Oxalis, Panicum, Helianthus) are predominantly of non-European origin. Conyza canadensis, Helianthus tuberosus and Robinia pseudoacacia are most widely distributed alien species. Of all naturalized aliens present in Europe, 64.1% occur in industrial habitats and 58.5% on arable land and in parks and gardens. Grasslands and woodlands are also highly invaded, with 37.4 and 31.5%, respectively, of all naturalized aliens in Europe present in these habitats. Mires, bogs and fens are least invaded; only approximately 10% of aliens in Europe occur there. Intentional introductions to Europe (62.8% of the total number of naturalized aliens) prevail over unintentional (37.2%). Ornamental and horticultural introductions escaped from cultivation account for the highest number of species, 52.2% of the total. Among unintentional introductions, contaminants of seed, mineral materials and other commodities are responsible for 1091 alien species introductions to Europe (76.6% of all species introduced unintentionally) and 363 species are assumed to have arrived as stowaways (directly associated with human transport but arriving independently of commodity). Most aliens in Europe have a native range in the same continent (28.6% of all donor region records are from another part of Europe where the plant is native); in terms of species numbers the contribution of Europe as a region of origin is 53.2%. Considering aliens to Europe separately, 45.8% of species have their native distribution in North and South America, 45.9% in Asia, 20.7% in Africa and 5.3% in Australasia. Based on species composition, European alien flora can be classified into five major groups: (1) north-western, comprising Scandinavia and the UK; (2) west-central, extending from Belgium and the Netherlands to Germany and Switzerland; (3) Baltic, including only the former Soviet Baltic states; (4) east-central, comprizing the remainder of central and eastern Europe; (5) southern, covering the entire Mediterranean region. The clustering patterns cut across some European bioclimatic zones; cultural factors such as regional trade links and traditional local preferences for crop, forestry and ornamental species are also important by influencing the introduced species pool. Finally, the paper evaluates a state of the art in the field of plant invasions in Europe, points to research gaps and outlines avenues of further research towards documenting alien plant invasions in Europe. The data are of varying quality and need to be further assessed with respect to the invasion status and residence time of the species included. This concerns especially the naturalized/casual status; so far, this information is available comprehensively for only 19 countries/regions of the 49 considered. Collating an integrated database on the alien flora of Europe can form a principal contribution to developing a European-wide management strategy of alien species. Identifiant : HAL : hal-02666016 / Handle : 10261/61126
Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=135202 Lambdon, Philip W., Pyšek, Petr, Basnou, Corina, Hejda, Martin, Arianoutsou, Margarita, Essl, Franz (1973-), Jarošík, Vojtěch (1958-2013), Pergl, Jan (1977-), Winter, Marten, Anastasiu, Paulina, Andriopoulos, Pavlos, Bazos, Ioannis, Brundu, Giuseppe, Celesti-Grapow, Laura, Chassot, Philippe, Delipetrou, Pinelopi, Josefsson, Mélanie, Kark, Salit, Klotz, Stefan, Kokkoris, Yannis, Kühn, Ingolf, Zikos, Andreas, Roy, David, Hulme, Philip Eric 2008 Alien flora of Europe : species diversity, temporal trends, geographical patterns and research needs. Preslia, 80 : 101–149.Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23955A Lambdon P. Tiré à part Bureaux PEE Consultable Documents numériques
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Article (2008)URLAlien flora of Europe : species diversity, temporal trends, geographical patterns and research needs. Electronic appendix 1 / Philip W. Lambdon in Preslia, 80 (2008)
Titre : Alien flora of Europe : species diversity, temporal trends, geographical patterns and research needs. Electronic appendix 1 : references for data sources used in Table 1 Type de document : Numérique Auteurs : Philip W. Lambdon ; Petr Pyšek ; Corina Basnou ; Martin Hejda ; Margarita Arianoutsou ; Franz Essl (1973-) ; Vojtěch Jarošík (1958-2013) ; Jan Pergl (1977-) ; Marten Winter ; Paulina Anastasiu ; Pavlos Andriopoulos ; Ioannis Bazos ; Giuseppe Brundu ; Laura Celesti-Grapow ; Philippe Chassot ; Pinelopi Delipetrou ; Mélanie Josefsson ; Salit Kark ; Stefan Klotz ; Yannis Kokkoris ; Ingolf Kühn ; Hélia Marchante ; Irena Perglova ; Joan Pino ; Montserrat Vilà ; Andreas Zikos ; David Roy ; Philip Eric Hulme Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : 7 p. Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82535
in Preslia > 80 (2008) . - 7 p.Lambdon, Philip W., Pyšek, Petr, Basnou, Corina, Hejda, Martin, Arianoutsou, Margarita, Essl, Franz (1973-), Jarošík, Vojtěch (1958-2013), Pergl, Jan (1977-), Winter, Marten, Anastasiu, Paulina, Andriopoulos, Pavlos, Bazos, Ioannis, Brundu, Giuseppe, Celesti-Grapow, Laura, Chassot, Philippe, Delipetrou, Pinelopi, Josefsson, Mélanie, Kark, Salit, Klotz, Stefan, Kokkoris, Yannis, Kühn, Ingolf, Marchante, Hélia, Perglova, Irena, Pino, Joan, Vilà, Montserrat, Zikos, Andreas, Roy, David, Hulme, Philip Eric 2008 Alien flora of Europe : species diversity, temporal trends, geographical patterns and research needs. Electronic appendix 1 : references for data sources used in Table 1. Preslia, 80: 7 p..Documents numériques
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Electronic appendix 1 (2008)Adobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Alien plant invasion hotspots and invasion debt in European woodlands Type de document : Imprimé Auteurs : Viktoria Wagner ; Martin Večeřa ; Borja Jiménez-Alfaro ; Jan Pergl (1977-) ; Jonathan Lenoir ; Jens-Christian Svenning ; Petr Pyšek ; Emiliano Agrillo ; Idoia Biurrun ; Juan Antonio Campos ; Jörg Ewald ; Federico Fernández González ; Ute Jandt ; Valerijus Rašomavičius ; Urban Silc ; Zeljko Skvorc ; Kiril Vassilev ; Thomas Wohlgemuth ; Milan Chytrý (1967-) Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : e13014 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : Questions
European woodlands harbor at least 386 alien plant species but the factors driving local invasions remain unknown. By using a large vegetation-plot database, we asked how local richness and abundance of alien species vary by regions, elevation, climate, soil properties, human disturbance, and habitat types.
Location
Western, central and southern Europe.
Methods
We linked consolidated data from the European Vegetation Archive (16,211 plots) to a habitat classification scheme, climate, soil properties and human disturbance variables. In addition, we used 250 km × 250 km regional grid cells to test whether local patterns differ among regions. We used generalized additive models (GAMs) and quantile GAMs to explore how relative alien species richness and the sum of alien species covers per plot relate to predictors. Random Forest analyses (RFs) were employed to assess the importance of individual predictors that were not multicollinear.
Results
Relative alien species richness and the sum of alien species covers varied across regions and habitat types, with effects being more pronounced at the maximum rather than average responses. Both response variables declined with increasing elevation and distance to the nearest road or railroad and increased with the amount of sealed soil. Maxima in fitted functions matched plots from regional invasion hotspots in northwestern and central Europe. RFs accounted for 39.6% and 20.9% of the total variation in relative alien species richness and the sum of alien species covers, respectively, with region and habitat being the most important variables.
Conclusions
The importance of maximum response quantiles and the prevalence of regional hotspots point to invasion debt in European woodlands. As alien plants expand further, their species richness and abundance in woodlands will be likely driven by the shared effects of the introduction and planting history, differences in the invaded habitat types, and dispersal corridors.Identifiant : DOI : 10.1111/jvs.13014 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155483
in Journal of vegetation science > 32 (2021) . - e13014Wagner, Viktoria, Večeřa, Martin, Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, Pergl, Jan (1977-), Lenoir, Jonathan, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Pyšek, Petr, Agrillo, Emiliano, Biurrun, Idoia, Campos, Juan Antonio, Ewald, Jörg, Fernández González, Federico, Jandt, Ute, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Silc, Urban, Skvorc, Zeljko, Vassilev, Kiril, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Chytrý, Milan (1967-) 2021 Alien plant invasion hotspots and invasion debt in European woodlands. Journal of vegetation science, 32: e13014.Documents numériques
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article (2021)URL
Titre : Alien plants introduced by different pathways differ in invasion success : unintentional introductions as a threat to natural areas Type de document : Numérique Auteurs : Petr Pyšek ; Vojtěch Jarošík (1958-2013) ; Jan Pergl (1977-) Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : 1-11 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [CBNPMP-Thématique] Plantes subspontanées, naturalisées, envahissantes Résumé : Background : Understanding the dimensions of pathways of introduction of alien plants is important for regulating species invasions, but how particular pathways differ in terms of post-invasion success of species they deliver has never been rigorously tested. We asked whether invasion status, distribution and habitat range of 1,007 alien plant species introduced after 1500 A.D. to the Czech Republic differ among four basic pathways of introduction recognized for plants. Principal Findings : Pathways introducing alien species deliberately as commodities (direct release into the wild; escape from cultivation) result in easier naturalization and invasion than pathways of unintentional introduction (contaminant of a commodity; stowaway arriving without association with it). The proportion of naturalized and invasive species among all introductions delivered by a particular pathway decreases with a decreasing level of direct assistance from humans associated with that pathway, from release and escape to contaminant and stowaway. However, those species that are introduced via unintentional pathways and become invasive are as widely distributed as deliberately introduced species, and those introduced as contaminants invade an even wider range of seminatural habitats. Conclusions : Pathways associated with deliberate species introductions with commodities and pathways whereby species are unintentionally introduced are contrasting modes of introductions in terms of invasion success. However, various measures of the outcome of the invasion process, in terms of species' invasion success, need to be considered to accurately evaluate the role of and threat imposed by individual pathways. By employing various measures we show that invasions by unintentionally introduced plant species need to be considered by management as seriously as those introduced by horticulture, because they invade a wide range of seminatural habitats, hence representing even a greater threat to natural areas.
Identifiant : DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0024890 Permalink : https://biblio.cbnpmp.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141893
in PloS ONE > 6 (9) (09/2011) . - 1-11Pyšek, Petr, Jarošík, Vojtěch (1958-2013), Pergl, Jan (1977-) 2011 Alien plants introduced by different pathways differ in invasion success : unintentional introductions as a threat to natural areas. PloS ONE, 6(9): 1-11.Documents numériques
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Article (2011)URL
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